Data quantifying interseeded cover crops effects on soil water and corn productivity in corn-soybean-wheat no-till cropping systems

Harry H Schomberg; Kathryn E White; Alondra I Thompson; Steven B Mirsky

doi:10.1016/j.dib.2023.109465

Data quantifying interseeded cover crops effects on soil water and corn productivity in corn-soybean-wheat no-till cropping systems

Data Brief. 2023 Aug 2:50:109465. doi: 10.1016/j.dib.2023.109465. eCollection 2023 Oct.

Authors

Harry H Schomberg¹, Kathryn E White¹, Alondra I Thompson¹, Steven B Mirsky¹

Affiliation

¹ United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Beltsville Agricultural Research Center, Sustainable Agricultural Systems Laboratory, 10300 Baltimore Avenue, Beltsville, MD 20705.

Abstract

The data described support the research article entitled "Interseeded cover crop mixtures influence soil water storage during the corn phase of corn-soybean-wheat no-till cropping systems". Data were collected during the corn (Zea mays L.) phase from rotations with four different cover crop (CC) treatments. The study was conducted at the USDA research facility in Beltsville, MD from 2017 through 2020. The data are available from a repository at Ag Data Commons. Descriptions of crop rotations, soil water and temperature sensors, placement, and frequency of measurements are provided in the manuscript and repository. Hourly volumetric soil water content (m³ m^-3) (VWC) and soil temperature (°C) data for each soil depth (0-12, 25-35, 50-60, 75-85 cm) are available from the repository. In the manuscript, daily values of soil water storage were used to estimate daily evapotranspiration (ET) and infiltration. A text file of meta information is provided in the repository describing data collection procedures, estimation of ET and infiltration, and methods used to replace sensor data having errors. Daily precipitation, maximum and minimum temperatures, net solar radiation, and windspeed collected at a nearby weather station are provided for estimating growing degree days and potential ET. Cover crop biomass (kg ha^-1) prior to corn planting and corn yields are provided by replication and cover crop system treatment for the four years.

Keywords: Evapotranspiration; Infiltration; Secale cereale; Soil water storage; Trifolium incarnatum; Trifolium pratense; Vicia villosa; Water use efficiency.