Self-perception of the neighborhood environment, cognitive impairment and functional limitations in community-dwelling older adults: A cross-sectional study

Geriatr Nurs. 2023 Sep-Oct:53:240-246. doi: 10.1016/j.gerinurse.2023.07.020. Epub 2023 Aug 18.

Abstract

Aims: It is important to identify the association between characteristics of the neighborhood environment, cognitive impairment and functional limitations to organize early and effective intervention strategies.

Methods: A cross-sectional survey of 308 community-dwelling older adults was conducted. Logistic Regression analyses were performed to verify the associations between self-perceived characteristics of the neighborhood environment (Neighborhood Environment Walkability Scale), cognitive impairment (Mini-Mental State Examination) and functional limitations (mobility, lower limb muscle strength and balance).

Results: Significant negative associations were observed: (1) better infrastructure, traffic and safety and mobility limitation; (2) better infrastructure and muscle weakness; (3) better safety and balance limitation; and (4) better streets/sidewalks and cognitive impairment. On the other hand, positive associations were observed between poor safety with mobility limitation and muscle weakness.

Conclusions: Our findings contribute to greater knowledge about neighborhood characteristics regarding mental and physical health in community-dwelling older adults.

Keywords: Built environment; Cognitive dysfunction; Older adults; Physical functional performance.

MeSH terms

  • Aged
  • Cognitive Dysfunction*
  • Cross-Sectional Studies
  • Humans
  • Independent Living*
  • Mobility Limitation
  • Muscle Weakness
  • Neighborhood Characteristics
  • Residence Characteristics
  • Self Concept
  • Walking