The influence of temperature on the metabolic activity of CYP2C9, CYP2C19, and CYP3A4 genetic variants in vitro

Xenobiotica. 2023 May;53(5):357-365. doi: 10.1080/00498254.2023.2248498. Epub 2023 Aug 23.

Abstract

1. Temperature is considered to affect the activity of drug-metabolizing enzymes; however, no previous studies have compared temperature dependency among cytochrome P450 genetic variants. This study aimed to analyse warfarin 7-hydroxylation by CYP2C9 variants; omeprazole 5-hydroxylation by CYP2C19 variants; and midazolam 1-hydroxylation by CYP3A4 variants at 34 °C, 37 °C, and 40 °C.2. Compared with that seen at 37 °C, the intrinsic clearance rates (Vmax/Km) of CYP2C9.1 and .2 were decreased (76 ∼ 82%), while that of CYP2C9.3 was unchanged at 34 °C. At 40 °C, CYP2C9.1, .2, and .3 exhibited increased (121%), unchanged and decreased (87%) intrinsic clearance rates, respectively. At 34 °C, the clearance rates of CYP2C19.1A and .10 were decreased (71 ∼ 86%), that of CYP2C19.1B was unchanged, and those of CYP2C19.8 and .23 were increased (130 ∼ 134%). At 40 °C, the clearance rates of CYP2C19.1A, .1B, .10, and .23 remained unaffected, while that of CYP2C19.8 was decreased (74%). At 34 °C, the clearance rates of CYP3A4.1 and .16 were decreased (79 ∼ 84%), those of CYP3A4.2 and .7 were unchanged, and that of CYP3A4.18 was slightly increased (112%). At 40 °C, the clearance rate of CYP3A4.1 remained unaffected, while those of CYP3A4.2, .7, .16, and .18 were decreased (58 ∼ 82%).3. These findings may be clinically useful for dose optimisation in patients with hypothermia or hyperthermia.

Keywords: CYP allele; Cytochrome p450; body temperature; genetic polymorphism; hyperthermia; hypothermia; temperature sensitivity.

MeSH terms

  • Aryl Hydrocarbon Hydroxylases* / genetics
  • Cytochrome P-450 CYP2C19 / genetics
  • Cytochrome P-450 CYP2C9 / genetics
  • Cytochrome P-450 CYP3A* / genetics
  • Humans
  • Temperature

Substances

  • Cytochrome P-450 CYP3A
  • Aryl Hydrocarbon Hydroxylases
  • Cytochrome P-450 CYP2C9
  • Cytochrome P-450 CYP2C19
  • CYP2C9 protein, human
  • CYP2C19 protein, human
  • CYP3A4 protein, human