Diabetes poses severe global public health problems and places heavy burdens on the medical and economic systems of society. Type 2 diabetes (T2D) accounts for 90% of these cases. Diabetes also often accompanies serious complications that threaten multiple organs such as the brain, eyes, kidneys, and the cardiovascular system. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) carried by extracellular vesicles (EV-miRNAs) are considered to mediate cross-organ and cross-cellular communication and have a vital role in the pathophysiology of T2D. They also offer promising sources of diabetes-related biomarkers and serve as effective therapeutic targets. Here, we briefly reviewed studies of EV-miRNAs in T2D and related complications. Specially, we innovatively explore the targeting nature of miRNA action due to the target specificity of vesicle binding, aiding mechanism understanding as well as the detection and treatment of diseases.
糖尿病是全球严重的公共卫生问题，给社会医疗和经济系统带来沉重负担。其中，90%为2型糖尿病(T2D)。糖尿病经常伴随着严重的并发症，威胁着大脑、眼睛、肾脏和心血管系统等多个器官。由外泌体(EV)携带的miRNA(EV-miRNA)被认为是介导跨器官和跨细胞通信的关键，并在T2D的病理生理学中发挥重要作用。它们也是糖尿病相关生物标志物的有希望来源，并可作为有效的治疗靶点。在这里，我们简要综述了关于EV-miRNA在T2D及其相关并发症方面的研究。特别是我们创新性地探讨了miRNA作用的目标特异性，这有助于机制理解和疾病的检测和治疗。.
Keywords: 2型糖尿病; diabetic complication; extracellular vesicle; miRNA; type 2 diabetes; 外泌体; 糖尿病并发症.
© 2023 The Authors. Journal of Diabetes published by Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine and John Wiley & Sons Australia, Ltd.