Structure-activity relationship of fucoidans and alginates obtained from Cystoseira indica in a biorefinery concept

Fatemeh Noormand Chaloshtori; Mehdi Tabarsa; Hassan Ahmadi Gavlighi; SangGuan You

doi:10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.126326

Structure-activity relationship of fucoidans and alginates obtained from Cystoseira indica in a biorefinery concept

Int J Biol Macromol. 2023 Aug 12:251:126326. doi: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.126326. Online ahead of print.

Authors

Fatemeh Noormand Chaloshtori¹, Mehdi Tabarsa², Hassan Ahmadi Gavlighi³, SangGuan You⁴

Affiliations

¹ Department of Seafood Processing, Faculty of Marine Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, P.O. Box 46414-356, Noor, Iran.
² Department of Seafood Processing, Faculty of Marine Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, P.O. Box 46414-356, Noor, Iran; Bioactive Compounds Group, Faculty of Interdisciplinary Sciences and Technologies, Tarbiat Modares University, P.O. Box 14115-336, Tehran, Iran; Institute for Natural Products and Medicinal Plants, Tarbiat Modares University, P.O. Box 14115-336, Tehran, Iran. Electronic address: m.tabarsa@modares.ac.ir.
³ Institute for Natural Products and Medicinal Plants, Tarbiat Modares University, P.O. Box 14115-336, Tehran, Iran; Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.
⁴ Department of Marine Food Science and Technology, Gangneung-Wonju National University, Gangneung, Gangwon 25457, Republic of Korea.

PMID: 37579901
DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.126326

Abstract

A sequential extraction process was employed to isolate fucoidan and alginate from brown seaweed Cystoseira indica. Extraction process was designed to evaluate the effects of acid concentrations (0.025, 0.05, 0.1 and 0.2 M HCl) and temperatures (room temperature, 60 °C and 80 °C) on sensory, structural and immunostimulatory properties of fucoidans and following results on Na⁺-alginates. The amounts of isolated fucoidans (0.193-0.658 g/5 g powder) and Na⁺-alginates (2.877-3.383 g/ 5 g powder) greatly varied among different extractions. Fucoidans were composed of neutral sugars, mainly fucose (15.74-47.64 %) and galactose (18.66-26.88 %) units, with varying amounts of sulfates (8.76-12.40 %) and uronic acids (0.46-8.90 %). The weight average molecular weights (M_w) of fucoidans (234.6-1990.0 × 10³ g/mol) and Na⁺-alginates (358.4-2318.3 × 10³ g/mol) were closely controlled by extraction condition. Both fucoidan and Na⁺-alginate molecules noticeably induced RAW264.7 murine macrophage cells to exert proinflammatory response, producing considerable levels of NO, IL-1β, TNF-α and IL-6 through NF-κB and MAPKs signaling pathways. Altogether, extraction process of fucoidan not only exerted determining effect on its structure and cell activation capacity, but also influenced the quality of Na⁺-alginate obtained in the next step.

Keywords: Alginate; Brown seaweed; Extraction; Fucoidan; Immunostimulatory.