Validation of the Chinese version of the Perceived Stress Scale-10 integrating exploratory graph analysis and confirmatory factor analysis

Chen Jiang; Haiyan Ma; Yi Luo; Daniel Yee Tak Fong; Emre Umucu; Huiqiu Zheng; Qiran Zhang; Xiao Liu; Xiaoxue Liu; Karen Spruyt; Runtang Meng

doi:10.1016/j.genhosppsych.2023.07.008

Validation of the Chinese version of the Perceived Stress Scale-10 integrating exploratory graph analysis and confirmatory factor analysis

Gen Hosp Psychiatry. 2023 Sep-Oct:84:194-202. doi: 10.1016/j.genhosppsych.2023.07.008. Epub 2023 Jul 31.

Authors

Chen Jiang¹, Haiyan Ma², Yi Luo³, Daniel Yee Tak Fong⁴, Emre Umucu⁵, Huiqiu Zheng⁶, Qiran Zhang⁷, Xiao Liu⁷, Xiaoxue Liu⁸, Karen Spruyt⁹, Runtang Meng¹⁰

Affiliations

¹ School of Public Health, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, Zhejiang, China.
² School of Public Health, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, Zhejiang, China; Engineering Research Center of Mobile Health Management System, Ministry of Education, Hangzhou 311121, Zhejiang, China. Electronic address: mahaiyan@hznu.edu.cn.
³ School of Nursing, Ningbo College of Health Sciences, Ningbo 315100, Zhejiang, China.
⁴ School of Nursing, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China.
⁵ College of Health Sciences, University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, Texas TX 79968, USA.
⁶ Department of Child and Adolescent Health and Health Education, School of Public Health, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot 010110, Inner Mongolia, China.
⁷ School of Medicine, Xiangyang Polytechnic, Xiangyang 441021, Hubei, China.
⁸ Global Health Research Division, Public Health Research Center and Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, Jiangsu, China.
⁹ Université de Paris, NeuroDiderot, INSERM, Paris 75019, France.
¹⁰ School of Public Health, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, Zhejiang, China; Engineering Research Center of Mobile Health Management System, Ministry of Education, Hangzhou 311121, Zhejiang, China. Electronic address: mengruntang@hznu.edu.cn.

PMID: 37572467
DOI: 10.1016/j.genhosppsych.2023.07.008

Abstract

Objective: The study aimed to initially assess the measurement properties of the 10-item simplified Chinese version of the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-C-10) and as a first, assess a longitudinal measurement invariance (LMI).

Methods: A longitudinal survey was conducted with a convenient sample of healthcare students using the PSS-C-10. We assessed the PSS-C-10 mainly using composite analytical approaches, including exploratory graph analysis (EGA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) to suggest the best-fit factor structure and assess measurement invariance.

Results: The EGA identified a two-factor structural solution with an accuracy of 98.6% at baseline and 100% at a 7-day follow-up. The CFA subsequently confirmed this structure, with a comparative fit index of 0.963 at baseline and 0.987 at follow-up, Tucker-Lewis index of 0.951 at baseline and 0.982 at follow-up, and root mean square error of approximation of 0.111 at baseline and 0.089 at follow-up. The LMI was supported by the goodness-of-fit indices, and their changes fell within the recommended cut-off range. Additionally, Cronbach's alpha (0.885 at baseline and 0.904 at follow-up), McDonald's omega (0.885 at baseline and 0.902 at follow-up), and an ICC value of 0.816 for 7 days demonstrated the robust reliability of the PSS-C-10.

Conclusion: The PSS-C-10 exhibited a stable two-factor structure with promising LMI and measurement properties.

Keywords: Confirmatory factor analysis; Exploratory graph analysis; Healthcare students; Longitudinal design; Perceived Stress Scale; Psychometrics.

Publication types

Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

Factor Analysis, Statistical
Humans
Psychometrics
Reproducibility of Results
Stress, Psychological* / diagnosis
Surveys and Questionnaires