Relationship between serum uric acid and estimated glomerular filtration rate in adolescents aged 12-19 years with different body mass indices: a cross-sectional study

Qiuwei Tian; Caixia He; Zisai Wang; Marady Hun; Yi-Cheng Fu; Mingyi Zhao; Qingnan He

doi:10.3389/fendo.2023.1138513

Relationship between serum uric acid and estimated glomerular filtration rate in adolescents aged 12-19 years with different body mass indices: a cross-sectional study

Front Endocrinol (Lausanne). 2023 Jul 26:14:1138513. doi: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1138513. eCollection 2023.

Authors

Qiuwei Tian¹, Caixia He¹, Zisai Wang¹, Marady Hun¹, Yi-Cheng Fu², Mingyi Zhao¹, Qingnan He¹

Affiliations

¹ Department of Pediatrics, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.
² Department of Pediatrics, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.

Abstract

Background: Globally, chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a growing public health concern. Serum uric acid (SUA) is an easily detectable and readily available biochemical indicator that has long been recognized as an independent risk factor for CKD. In addition, studies have indicated a potential relationship between SUA and body mass index (BMI). However, studies on the effect of SUA levels on the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) in adolescents with different BMIs are very rare.

Methods: Weighted multiple regression analysis was used to estimate the independent relationship between SUA and log-transformed eGFR. Additionally, we used a weighted generalized additive model and smooth curve fitting to describe the nonlinear relationships in the subgroup analysis.

Results: First, SUA was negatively associated with log-transformed eGFR even after adjusting for all covariates (β=-0.0177, 95% CI: -0.0203-0.0151, P<0.0001). Second, the results of the stratified analysis found that after adjusting for all covariates, the decrease in log-transformed eGFR due to changes in per SUA levels (Per 1, mg/dL increase) was elevated in female adolescents (β=-0.0177, 95% CI: -0.0216, -0.0138, P<0.0001), adolescents aged 12-15 years (β=-0.0163, 95% CI: -0.0200, -0.0125, P<0.0001) and black (β=-0.0199, 95% CI: -0.0251, -0.0148, P<0.0001) adolescents. Furthermore, we found that adolescents with a higher BMI had higher SUA levels, and the effect of SUA on eGFR was significantly higher in underweight adolescents (β=-0.0386, 95% CI: (-0.0550, -0.0223), P<0.0001).

Conclusion: SUA was negatively associated with the eGFR in adolescents aged 12-19 years. Furthermore, we found for the first time that SUA affects the eGFR differently in adolescents with different BMIs. This effect was particularly significant in underweight adolescents.

Keywords: BMI; NHANES; adolescents; estimated glomerular filtration rate; serum uric acid.

Grants and funding

This research was funded by Hunan innovative province construction project (Grant No. 2019SK2211), Key research and development project of Hunan Province (Grant No.2020SK2089), The Natural Science Foundation of Hunan province (Grant Nos 2020JJ4833, 2019SK2211, and XY040019), Hunan Province Key Field R&D Program (Grant No. 2020SK2097), and Horizontal Project (Grant Nos KY080269, KY080262, XY080323, and XY080324).