Evaluation of Maternal and Fetal Outcomes in Pregnant Women with COVID-19 based on Different Trimesters

Minoo Movahedi; Khadijeh M Siahafshari; Maryam Hajhashemi; Farzin Khorvash; Milad Saeidi; Zahra Allameh

doi:10.4103/abr.abr_173_22

Evaluation of Maternal and Fetal Outcomes in Pregnant Women with COVID-19 based on Different Trimesters

Adv Biomed Res. 2023 Jun 30:12:165. doi: 10.4103/abr.abr_173_22. eCollection 2023.

Authors

Minoo Movahedi¹, Khadijeh M Siahafshari¹, Maryam Hajhashemi¹, Farzin Khorvash², Milad Saeidi³, Zahra Allameh¹

Affiliations

¹ Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
² Infectious Diseases Department, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
³ School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.

Abstract

Background: COVID-19 is the leading cause of the recent pandemic in the globe. This disease might have different effects on the maternal and fetal outcomes in pregnancy. The aim of this study was to assess these outcomes in pregnant women with COVID-19 infections in different trimesters.

Materials and methods: This is a prospective cohort study that was performed in February 2020 to August 2021 in Isfahan on 430 pregnant women with definite diagnosis of COVID-19 infection admitted to our medical centers. The included cases were followed based on the gestational age in which they were diagnosed with COVID-19 infection. Patients were divided into three groups (first, second, and third trimesters) based on COVID-19 infection.

Results: The frequency of requiring mechanical ventilation was higher in mothers with COVID-19 in the second trimester (P = 0.049) and the frequency of PIH was significantly higher in mothers with COVID-19 in the third trimester compared to other women (P = 0.009). Fetal growth restriction (FGR) was also observed in 22 patients (5.3%) that was mostly observed with COVID-19 in the third trimester (P = 0.012). Oligohydramnios and fetal distress leading to C/S were observed in 19 patients (4.6%) and 12 patients (2.9%), respectively. The majority of maternal mortality was among cases with COVID-19 infection in the third trimester (44.4%).

Conclusion: We observed higher maternal and fetal complications in women especially those in the third trimester. Our results were in line with the findings of previous studies. Women with COVID-19 infection in the third trimester had highest frequencies of preterm labor and FGR.

Keywords: COVID-19; neonate; outcomes; pregnancy.