Association between coffee and incident heart failure: A prospective cohort study from the UK Biobank

Qiang Han; Jiadong Chu; Wei Hu; Siyuan Liu; Na Sun; Xuanli Chen; Qida He; Zhaolong Feng; Tongxing Li; Jun Wu; Yueping Shen

doi:10.1016/j.numecd.2023.07.011

Association between coffee and incident heart failure: A prospective cohort study from the UK Biobank

Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis. 2023 Nov;33(11):2119-2127. doi: 10.1016/j.numecd.2023.07.011. Epub 2023 Jul 11.

Authors

Qiang Han¹, Jiadong Chu¹, Wei Hu¹, Siyuan Liu¹, Na Sun¹, Xuanli Chen¹, Qida He¹, Zhaolong Feng¹, Tongxing Li¹, Jun Wu², Yueping Shen³

Affiliations

¹ Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China.
² Department of Oncology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, 213003, China.
³ Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China. Electronic address: shenyueping@suda.edu.cn.

PMID: 37563067
DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2023.07.011

Abstract

Background and aims: The relationship between coffee consumption and heart failure (HF) incidence is inconclusive. This study aimed to explore the association between time-varying coffee consumption and incident HF using a longitudinal study design.

Methods and results: Data were obtained from the UK Biobank, comprising 497,503 adults (age, 56.5 ± 8.1 years; 54.6% women) who were free from HF at baseline in 2006-2010. The median follow-up time for the HF incidence was 11.9 years. Marginal structural models (MSM) were employed to adjust for potential time-varying confounders and account for bias caused by loss of follow-up. Furthermore, we used a restricted cubic spline to test and describe the nonlinear relationship between coffee consumption and HF risk. At baseline, 70.5% of participants reported drinking ≥1 cups/d coffee and 2.7% participants developed HF. After adjusting for potential confounders, we identified a nonlinear J-shaped association between coffee consumption and HF risk (P < 0.001). Compared with drinking coffee <1 cups/d, 1-2 cups/d (HR = 0.878; 95% CI: 0.838-0.920), 3-4 cups/d (HR = 0.920; 95% CI: 0.869-0.974) may be associated with a reduced risk of HF, while >6 cups/d (HR = 1.209; 95% CI: 1.056-1.385) may be associated with a higher risk of HF. However, sensitive analyses stratified by gender and smoking status indicated that >6 cups/d does not significantly increase the risk of HF. Additionally, the type of coffee was found to significant impact on the incidence of HF (P < 0.05).

Conclusion: In this large cohort of UK adults, moderate coffee consumption may reduce risk of HF incidence.

Keywords: Coffee; Heart failure; Incidence; Marginal structural models.

Copyright © 2023 The Italian Diabetes Society, the Italian Society for the Study of Atherosclerosis, the Italian Society of Human Nutrition and the Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Federico II University. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.