The effect of bariatric surgery on dietary Behaviour, dietary recommendation Adherence, and micronutrient deficiencies one year after surgery

Alaa H Qadhi; Asma H Almuqati; Nuha S Alamro; Afnan S Azhri; Firas S Azzeh; Wedad F Azhar; Reema A Alyamani; Najlaa H Almohmadi; Sarah O Alkholy; Walaa E Alhassani; Wafaa F Abusudah; Abrar M Babateen; Bayan Tashkandi; Nouf A Alharbi; Abed H Al-Slaihat; Khloud J Ghafouri

doi:10.1016/j.pmedr.2023.102343

The effect of bariatric surgery on dietary Behaviour, dietary recommendation Adherence, and micronutrient deficiencies one year after surgery

Prev Med Rep. 2023 Jul 22:35:102343. doi: 10.1016/j.pmedr.2023.102343. eCollection 2023 Oct.

Authors

Alaa H Qadhi¹, Asma H Almuqati², Nuha S Alamro², Afnan S Azhri², Firas S Azzeh¹, Wedad F Azhar¹, Reema A Alyamani¹, Najlaa H Almohmadi¹, Sarah O Alkholy¹, Walaa E Alhassani¹, Wafaa F Abusudah¹, Abrar M Babateen¹, Bayan Tashkandi³, Nouf A Alharbi⁴, Abed H Al-Slaihat⁵, Khloud J Ghafouri¹

Affiliations

¹ Department of Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia.
² Clinical Nutrition Administration, King Abdullah Medical City Hospital, Makkah, Saudi Arabia.
³ Food and Nutrition Department, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
⁴ Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Northern Border University, Arar 91431, Saudi Arabia.
⁵ Department of Nutrition and Food Technology, School of Agriculture, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan.

Abstract

Bariatric surgery (BS) is associated with vitamin and mineral deficiencies, which might be augmented by low adherence to dietary guidelines and inappropriate dietary behaviours. The aim of this study was to determine the influence of BS on eating behaviour, prevalence of nutrient deficiency, level of commitment to diet, and lifestyle recommendations one-year post-BS. A cross-sectional study was conducted among adult patients who underwent BS in 2019 and had follow-up for a year. Age, gender, and clinical data were collected from the hospital system and other information was obtained from questionnaires during phone interviews. A total of 160 patients participated in the study. At 12 months, a significant increase from the baseline values in plasma levels of vitamin B₁₂, folate, vitamin D, iron, corrected calcium, albumin, CRP, and MCV, as well as a significant decrease in BMI was observed. Adherence to dietary and lifestyle recommendations was moderate to high. Emotional, and restrained eating behaviours were moderate with 64.4%, and 77.5%, respectively. External eating was low at 58.1%. The study concluded that pre-and post-bariatric surgery nutrients should be closely monitored.

Keywords: Bariatric surgery; Eating behaviour; Emotional Eating; Makkah.