Dengue Myocarditis: A Case Report and Major Review

Glob Heart. 2023 Aug 4;18(1):41. doi: 10.5334/gh.1254. eCollection 2023.

Abstract

Dengue is a viral disease transmitted by the bite of a female arthropod, prevalent primarily in tropical and subtropical regions. Its manifestations include asymptomatic infections, dengue fever, and a severe form called hemorrhagic dengue or dengue shock syndrome. Atypical manifestations can also occur, called expanded dengue syndrome. We describe the case of a 43-year-old man with an unusual presentation of dengue, demonstrating a workup suggestive of myocardial and pericardial damage. Symptoms and markers indicative of cardiac compromise improved after five days on anti-inflammatory treatment. Dengue myocarditis is considered an uncommon complication of dengue, although its reported incidence is likely an underestimation. In general, most cases of dengue myocarditis are self-limited, with only a minority at risk of progressing to heart failure. In order to improve recognition and prevent progression, healthcare providers should maintain a high degree of suspicion regarding potential cardiac complications in patients with dengue.

Keywords: Acute myocarditis; dengue; expanded dengue syndrome.

Publication types

  • Case Reports
  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Dengue* / complications
  • Dengue* / diagnosis
  • Female
  • Heart Diseases*
  • Heart Failure*
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Myocarditis* / diagnosis
  • Myocarditis* / etiology
  • Severe Dengue* / complications
  • Severe Dengue* / diagnosis