The effects of FTO gene rs9939609 polymorphism on the association between colorectal cancer and dietary intake

Maryam Gholamalizadeh; Mona Jonoush; Khadijeh Abbasi Mobarakeh; Arezoo Amjadi; Farkhondeh Alami; Neda Valisoltani; Seyed Ali Askarpour; Ghasem Azizi-Tabesh; Mohammad Keshavarz Mohammadian; Mohammad Esmail Akbari; Masoumeh Rajabibazl; Mahdi Alemrajabi; Jafar Poodineh; Hossein Sadeghi; Payam Hosseinzadeh; Samaneh Mirzaei Dahka; Mostafa Badeli; Seyed Alireza Mosavi Jarrahi; Saeid Doaei

doi:10.3389/fnut.2023.1215559

The effects of FTO gene rs9939609 polymorphism on the association between colorectal cancer and dietary intake

Front Nutr. 2023 Jul 20:10:1215559. doi: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1215559. eCollection 2023.

Authors

Maryam Gholamalizadeh¹, Mona Jonoush², Khadijeh Abbasi Mobarakeh³, Arezoo Amjadi⁴, Farkhondeh Alami⁵, Neda Valisoltani⁶, Seyed Ali Askarpour⁷, Ghasem Azizi-Tabesh⁸, Mohammad Keshavarz Mohammadian⁹, Mohammad Esmail Akbari¹, Masoumeh Rajabibazl¹⁰, Mahdi Alemrajabi¹¹, Jafar Poodineh¹², Hossein Sadeghi⁸, Payam Hosseinzadeh¹³, Samaneh Mirzaei Dahka¹⁴, Mostafa Badeli¹⁵, Seyed Alireza Mosavi Jarrahi¹⁶, Saeid Doaei¹⁷

Affiliations

¹ Cancer Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
² Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
³ Food Security Research Center and Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
⁴ Department of Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Food Technology, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
⁵ Student Research Committee, Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran.
⁶ Department of Clinical Nutrition. School of Nutrition Science and Dietetics. Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
⁷ Division of Food Safety and Hygiene, Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
⁸ Genomic Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
⁹ Department of Nutrition, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
¹⁰ Department of Tissue Engineering and Applied Cell Sciences, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
¹¹ Clinical Research Development Center (CRDC), Firoozgar Hospital, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Zabol, Iran.
¹² Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Zabol University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
¹³ Gastrointestinal and Liver Diseases Research Center (GLDRC), Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
¹⁴ School of Nursing and Midwifery, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran.
¹⁵ Department of Nutrition, Urmia University of Medical Science, Urmia, Iran.
¹⁶ Department of Social Medicine, Medical School, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
¹⁷ Department of Community Nutrition, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.

Abstract

Background: FTO gene is associated with obesity, dietary intake, and the risk of colorectal cancer (CRC). In this study, patients with colorectal cancer were assessed for the interactions between FTO gene polymorphisms and dietary intake.

Methods: This case-control study was carried out on 450 participants aged 35-70 years including 150 patients with colorectal cancer and 300 healthy controls. Blood samples were collected in order to extract DNA and genotyping of FTO gene for rs9939609 polymorphism. A validated 168-item food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) and the Nutritionist-IV software were used to assess dietary intake.

Results: In the participants with the TT genotype of FTO rs9939609 polymorphism, CRC risk was significantly associated with higher intake of dietary fat (OR:1.87 CI95%:1.76-1.99, p = 0.04), vitamin B3 (OR:1.20 CI95%:1.08-1.65, p = 0.04), and vitamin C (OR:1.06 CI95%:1.03-1.15, p = 0.04) and lower intake of β-carotene (OR:0.98 CI95%:0.97-0.99, p = 0.03), vitamin E (OR:0.77 CI95%:0.62-0.95, p = 0.02), vitamin B1 (OR:0.15 CI95%:0.04-0.50, p < 0.01), and biotin (OR:0.72 CI95%:0.0.57-0.92, p = 0.01). No significant association was found between CRC and dietary intake in carriers of AA/AT genotypes after adjustments for the confounders.

Conclusion: CRC risk may be decreased by β-carotene, vitamins E, B1, and biotin only in those without the risk allele of the FTO gene. The association of CRC and diet may be influenced by FTO genotype. Further studies are warranted.

Keywords: FTO; FTO gene; colorectal cancer; diet; nutrient.

Copyright © 2023 Gholamalizadeh, Jonoush, Mobarakeh, Amjadi, Alami, Valisoltani, Askarpour, Azizi-Tabesh, Mohammadian, Akbari, Rajabibazl, Alemrajabi, Poodineh, Sadeghi, Hosseinzadeh, Dahka, Badeli, Jarrahi and Doaei.