In recent years, the detection rate of multidrug-resistant and pandrug-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae has increased year on year, so polymyxin has received increasing attention as an antibiotic that is still sensitive to most of the multidrug-resistant strains. However, widespread use of polymyxin is likely to lead to the emergence of polymyxin-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae. At the same time, the polymyxin hetero-resistance has made clinical prevention and treatment difficult. In addition to relying on the combination of polymyxins with other antibiotics, the search for new antibacterial drugs has also become a research hotspot. Research into early detection methods for polymyxin resistance can also help to optimize and improve the diagnosis and treatment strategies. This article reviewed the epidemic status, mechanism, detection methods and prevention measures of polymyxin-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae.
近年来，多耐药及泛耐药的肺炎克雷伯菌检出率日益上升，因此，多黏菌素作为对大多数多耐药菌株依然敏感的抗生素，获得了越来越多的关注。然而，多黏菌素的广泛使用可能会对肺炎克雷伯菌产生诱导作用，使其产生耐药性。同时，异质性耐药现象的出现也增加了临床上对耐多黏菌素肺炎克雷伯菌的防治难度。目前临床上除了依赖多黏菌素联合其他抗生素来治疗耐多黏菌素肺炎克雷伯菌感染之外，新型抗菌药物的研发也成为研究的热点。同时探索对多黏菌素耐药性的早期检出方法有助于优化和完善耐多黏菌素肺炎克雷伯菌的诊疗策略。本文综述了近年来有关耐多黏菌素肺炎克雷伯菌的流行现状、产生机制、检出方法及其防治措施。.