Intracanalicular dexamethasone insert for post-corneal crosslinking inflammation and pain: the LINK study

Abstract

Purpose: To compare the efficacy of an intracanalicular dexamethasone insert with tapered topical steroid over 28 days after corneal cross-linking (CXL).

Setting: Single private practice, outpatient setting.

Design: Prospective observational randomized study.

Methods: This prospective randomized study investigated the efficacy of a dexamethasone intracanalicular insert on post-CXL pain and inflammation in progressive keratoconus patients. 20 patients (40 eyes) were enrolled; half were randomized to the dexamethasone intracanalicular insert group; half were prescribed a 28-day topical tapering steroid regimen. All patients were evaluated for pain scores, rate of re-epithelialization, ease of the post-CXL regimen, and need for rescue pain medication after standard bilateral epithelium-off CXL on postoperative day (POD) 1, POD3, and POD4 to 7, as well as postoperative week (POW) 1, POW2, POW3, and POW4.

Results: 20 patients (40 eyes) underwent standard-of-care epithelium-off bilateral CXL for progressive keratoconus. 10 patients were randomized to receive prednisolone eyedrops on a tapering schedule after CXL; 10 patients received dexamethasone intracanalicular inserts at the time of CXL. Regardless of the postoperative steroid regimen, there was no significant difference in the rate of re-epithelialization or use of rescue pain medication between groups. There was a nominal, however, statistical difference in pain scores between groups, favoring prednisolone eyedrops. Both groups stated no difficulty in following postoperative regimens. There were no adverse events noted in relation to treatment or the CXL procedure.

Conclusions: Using a dexamethasone insert to alleviate pain and inflammation can be considered as a safe and efficacious part of a post-CXL regimen.

Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04168112.