25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations and risk of incident dementia, mild cognitive impairment, and delirium in 443,427 UK Biobank participants

Jia-Hui Ma; Ning-Hao Huang; Tao Huang; Dong-Liang Mu

doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2023.115369

25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations and risk of incident dementia, mild cognitive impairment, and delirium in 443,427 UK Biobank participants

Psychiatry Res. 2023 Sep:327:115369. doi: 10.1016/j.psychres.2023.115369. Epub 2023 Jul 24.

Authors

Jia-Hui Ma¹, Ning-Hao Huang², Tao Huang³, Dong-Liang Mu⁴

Affiliations

¹ Department of Anesthesiology, Peking University First Hospital, Address: No. 8 Xishiku Street, Beijing 100034, PR China.
² Department of Epidemiology and Biostatics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Address: No, 38 Xueyuanlu, Haidian district, Beijing 100191, PR China.
³ Department of Epidemiology and Biostatics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Address: No, 38 Xueyuanlu, Haidian district, Beijing 100191, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, PR China; Laboratory of Epidemiology of Major Diseases (Peking University), Ministry of Education, Beijing, PR China. Electronic address: huangtao@bjmu.edu.cn.
⁴ Department of Anesthesiology, Peking University First Hospital, Address: No. 8 Xishiku Street, Beijing 100034, PR China. Electronic address: mudongliang@bjmu.edu.cn.

PMID: 37523888
DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2023.115369

Abstract

This study aimed to investigate the association between serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) levels and dementia, mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and delirium. Participants from the United Kingdom (UK) Biobank with complete information on serum 25(OH)D concentrations were enrolled. Dementia, MCI and delirium were defined using the UK Biobank algorithm. 443,427 participants with a mean (standard deviation) age of 56.8 (8.0) years were included in this study. Based on Cox regression models, serum 25(OH)D concentrations were inversely associated with the risk of dementia, MCI, and delirium in a dose-dependent manner after adjusting for demographics (P-trend <0.001). In comparison with 25(OH)D levels less than 32.4 nmol/L, participants with the highest 25(OH)D levels (i.e., >64.4 nmol/L) had the lowest risk of dementia (hazards ratio [HR]: 0.58, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.49-0.69, P<0.001), MCI (HR: 0.55, 95% CI 0.37-0.84, P=0.005), and delirium (HR: 0.63, 95% CI 0.51-0.79, P<0.001). These results were consistent with the sensitivity analysis, in which participants with events occurring within the first two years of follow-up were excluded. This study found that a lower serum 25(OH)D concentration was significantly associated with a higher risk of dementia (including Alzheimer's disease and vascular dementia), MCI, and delirium.

Keywords: 25-hydroxyvitamin D; Cognitive decline; Delirium; Dementia; Mild cognitive impairment.

Publication types

Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

Alzheimer Disease* / complications
Biological Specimen Banks
Cognitive Dysfunction* / complications
Cognitive Dysfunction* / epidemiology
Delirium*
Humans
Middle Aged

Substances

25-hydroxyvitamin D