Objective: We aim to investigate the relationship between genetic variation and biological function on a genomic scale, focusing on identifying genes responsible for complex diseases using single nucleotide polymorphisms. Specifically, the study explores the association between the rs2383206 gene located on chromosome 9p21.3 and the development of coronary artery disease (CAD) in a specific Saudi population.
Patients and methods: This case-control study was conducted between September 2013 and May 2015 at King Abdullah Medical City (KAMC) and Al-Noor Specialist Hospital targeting the Saudi Population residing in the western region of Saudi Arabia. The study enrolled 315 cases with documented CAD and 205 controls with normal coronary arteries on coronary angiography. Genomic DNA was extracted from peripheral blood samples of both groups, and genotyping of rs2383206 was performed using the tetra-primer amplification-refractory mutation system-polymerase chain reaction (ARMS-PCR) method.
Results: In this study, the prevalence of the GG genotype in rs2383206 was found to be higher in patients with CAD than in controls, with an odds ratio of 1.997 [95% confidence interval (CI): 1.176-3.394, p = 0.007]. Additionally, individuals with the GG genotype who had sedentary lifestyles, hyperlipidemia, and smoked were found to be at a higher risk for developing CAD (p = 0.003, 0.009, and 0.003, respectively). The G allele also increased the risk of CAD with an odds ratio of 1.413 (95% CI: 1.099-1.817; p = 0.004).
Conclusions: In conclusion, this study demonstrated a significant association between the rs2383206 variant located on chromosome 9p21 and the development of CAD. The findings of this study provide valuable insights into the genetic susceptibility to CAD and highlight the potential of this variant as a target for future functional studies.