Ethrel-induced release of fresh seed dormancy causes remodelling of amylase activity, proteomics, phytohormone and fatty acid profile of groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.)

Hemangini A Chaudhari; Mahesh Kumar Mahatma; Virali Antala; Nidhi Radadiya; Piyush Ukani; Rukam Singh Tomar; Lokesh Kumar Thawait; Sushmita Singh; K Gangadhara; Amar Sakure; Akrash Parihar

doi:10.1007/s12298-023-01332-6

Ethrel-induced release of fresh seed dormancy causes remodelling of amylase activity, proteomics, phytohormone and fatty acid profile of groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.)

Physiol Mol Biol Plants. 2023 Jun;29(6):829-842. doi: 10.1007/s12298-023-01332-6. Epub 2023 Jul 19.

Authors

Affiliations

¹ Department of Biotechnology, College of Agriculture, Junagadh Agricultural University, Junagadh, Gujarat 362001 India.
² ICAR-Directorate of Groundnut Research, Junagadh, Gujarat 362001 India.
³ ICAR-National Research Centre on Seed Spices, Tabiji, Ajmer, 305206 India.
⁴ ICAR-Central Tobacco Research Institute, Regional Station, Kandukur, Andhra Pradesh 533105 India.
⁵ Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Anand Agricultural University, Anand, Gujarat 38811 India.

Abstract

It is important to have a short period of fresh seed dormancy in some of the groundnut species to counter pre-harvest sprouting (PHS). One of the main causes of PHS is the activation of ethylene-mediated pathways. To determine the effect of ethylene, the study was conducted and alterations in amylase, proteins and fatty acids were observed at the 0, 6, 12, and 24 h stages after ethrel administration. The result showed an increase in amylase activity, and the fatty acids profile showed a unique alteration pattern at different germination stages. Two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2DGE) revealed differential expression of proteins at each stage. The trypsin digestion following spectral development through UPLC-MS/MS enabled identification of number of differentially expressed proteins. A total of 49 proteins were identified from 2DGE excised spots. The majority were belonged to seed storage-related proteins like Arah1, Arah2, AAI- domain containing protein, conglutin, Arah3/4, arachin, glycinin. Expression of lipoxygenase1, lipoxygenase9 and Arah2 genes were further confirmed by qRT-PCR which showed its involvement at transcript level. Up-regulation of lipoxygenase9 is correlated with decreased content of fatty acids during germination. Phytohormone detection revealed decrease in ABA, SA and JA content which are generally inhibitor of seed germination while GA, IAA and kinetin concentration increased revealing positive regulation of seed germination. We present an integrated view of proteomics, phytohormone profile, carbohydrate and lipid metabolism to unravel mechanism of fresh seed dormancy.

Supplementary information: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s12298-023-01332-6.

Keywords: 2D gel electrophoresis; Dormancy; Groundnut; Protein identification; SDS-PAGE.

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