Free Speech or Free to Hate?: Anti-LGBTQ+ Discourses in LGBTQ+-Affirming Spaces on Gab Social

J Homosex. 2024 Jul 2;71(8):2030-2055. doi: 10.1080/00918369.2023.2218959. Epub 2023 Jul 28.

Abstract

This article presents a critical discourse analysis of groups on the free speech social media platform Gab that were intended to be LGBTQ+-friendly but became spaces of queerphobia. Results indicate that Gab users deployed discourses of difference to situate the platform as heteronormative and to denigrate the LGBTQ+ community. In particular, discourses utilized in the name of free speech were used to establish LGBTQ+ individuals as abominations, undergird hegemonic masculinity, and marginalize queer folk by reducing them to sex acts and sex organs. This study provides a better understanding of the (in)efficacy of "free speech" as a content moderation policy and unpacks how anti-LGBTQ+ hate speech spreads in digital spaces.

Keywords: Gab; LGBT studies; LGBTQ+; critical theory; cultural studies; discourse analysis; free speech; gender and sexuality studies; hate speech; homophobia; media; mixed methods; prejudice; qualitative; social media.

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Female
  • Hate
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Sexual and Gender Minorities*
  • Social Media*
  • Speech