Efficiency of Biobran/MGN-3, an Arabinoxylan Rice Bran, in Attenuating Diabetes-Induced Cognitive Impairment of the Hippocampus via Oxidative Stress and IR/Akt/NF- κ B in Rats

Heba M Abdou; Fatma A Hamaad; Ghada M Abd Elmageed; Mamdooh H Ghoneum

doi:10.1155/2023/8248576

Efficiency of Biobran/MGN-3, an Arabinoxylan Rice Bran, in Attenuating Diabetes-Induced Cognitive Impairment of the Hippocampus via Oxidative Stress and IR/Akt/NF- κ B in Rats

Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2023 Jul 19:2023:8248576. doi: 10.1155/2023/8248576. eCollection 2023.

Authors

Heba M Abdou¹, Fatma A Hamaad², Ghada M Abd Elmageed¹, Mamdooh H Ghoneum^{3

4}

Affiliations

¹ Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt.
² Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt.
³ Department of Surgery, Charles R. Drew University of Medicine and Science, Los Angeles, CA 90059, USA.
⁴ Department of Surgery, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.

Abstract

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a common metabolic disease accompanied by cognitive impairment, hippocampal malfunctioning, and inflammation. Biobran/MGN-3, an arabinoxylan rice bran, has been shown to have an antidiabetic effect in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. The present study investigates Biobran's effect against diabetes-induced cognitive impairment and synaptotoxicity in the hippocampus via oxidative stress and the IR/A/NF-κB signaling pathway in rats. Diabetes was induced via i.p. injection of streptozotocin (STZ) (40 mg/kg BW); STZ-treated rats were then administered Biobran (100 mg/kg BW) for 4 wks. Biobran supplementation improved motor coordination and muscular strength, as assessed by Kondziella's inverted screen test. Biobran also improved concentration levels of glutathione (GSH), antioxidant enzymes, acetylcholine (ACh), dopamine, serotonin, insulin receptor (IR), and alpha serine-threonine protein kinase (Akt); it protected against elevated levels of glucose, total cholesterol, triglycerides, oxidative stress markers, TBARS, NO, AChE, and MAO; and it significantly decreased inflammatory cytokines levels of IL-1β, NF-κB, TNF-α, and amyloid β_1-42. Moreover, Biobran ameliorated hippocampal histological alterations. Immunohistochemical observations showed that Biobran reduced overexpression of hippocampal synaptophysin and Ki67 relative to untreated diabetic rats. Biobran may ameliorate hippocampal alterations in diabetic rats via its antidiabetic, antiproliferative, anti-inflammatory, antiapoptotic, and antioxidant effects.