Bio-waste mediated synthesis of zirconium nanoparticle fuel: Energy management strategy for performance evaluation in a diesel engine

M Anish; J Jayaprabakar; T Arun Kumar; V Jayaprakash; P Bency; S K SahayaSusmi; M Arthy; J Aravind Kumar; Mika Sillanpää; Saleh Al-Farraj

doi:10.1016/j.envres.2023.116655

Bio-waste mediated synthesis of zirconium nanoparticle fuel: Energy management strategy for performance evaluation in a diesel engine

Environ Res. 2023 Nov 1;236(Pt 1):116655. doi: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.116655. Epub 2023 Jul 25.

Authors

M Anish¹, J Jayaprabakar², T Arun Kumar³, V Jayaprakash², P Bency⁴, S K SahayaSusmi², M Arthy⁵, J Aravind Kumar⁶, Mika Sillanpää⁷, Saleh Al-Farraj⁸

Affiliations

¹ School of Mechanical Engineering, Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology, Jeppiar Nagar, Chennai, India. Electronic address: anish2010me@gmail.com.
² School of Mechanical Engineering, Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology, Jeppiar Nagar, Chennai, India.
³ Centre for Nonlinear Systems, Chennai Institute of Technology, Kundrathur, Chennai, India.
⁴ Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, SRM Valliammai Engineering College, Chennai, India.
⁵ Department of Data Science and Business Systems, School of Computing, College of Engineering and Technology, SRM Institute of Science and Technology (SRMIST), SRM Nagar, Kattankulathur-603 203, Chengalpattu District, Tamil Nadu, India.
⁶ Department of Energy and Environmental Engineering, Saveetha School of Engineering, SIMATS, Chennai, 602105, India. Electronic address: arvindhjsbu@gmail.com.
⁷ Department of Chemical Engineering, School of Mining, Metallurgy and Chemical Engineering, University of Johannesburg, P. O. Box 17011, Doornfontein, 2028, South Africa; International Research Centre of Nanotechnology for Himalayan Sustainability (IRCNHS), Shoolini University, Solan, 173212, Himachal Pradesh, India; Department of Civil Engineering, University Centre for Research &amp, Development, Chandigarh University, Gharuan, Mohali, Punjab, India; Department of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Aarhus University, Nørrebrogade 44, 8000, Denmark.
⁸ Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.

PMID: 37500043
DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.116655

Abstract

The impact of biosynthesized zirconium nanoparticles originated from biological waste, blended in diesel fuel processed through bio-refining strategy and its combustion, emissions, and overall diesel engine performance towards safety has been examined. Different weight fractions of zirconia nanoparticles were combined with crude diesel at 10, 20, and 30 mg/L values. According to the engine tests, Zirconia (20 nm) added to pure diesel at a concentration of 30 parts per million incremented thermal efficiencies by 4.9% compared to regular diesel fuel. The average reduction in specific fuel consumption for clean diesel fuel when the engine was operating at full power was 2.9%, 3.9%, and 4.9%. Diesel smoke, hydrocarbon, CO, and NOx emissions were reduced by 13%, 20%, 25%, and 29%, respectively, when nano additives were used at a concentration of 30 ppm.Nanoparticles enhance fuel stability, overcome detonation difficulties, and avoid fouling spark plugs. The pressure within cylinder, the temperature, and the rate at which heat is released was improved when alumina nanoparticles were appended to diesel fuel. However, both the length of the combustion and further delay in ignition were cut down. The ideal concentration of zirconia nanoparticles for improving combustion, efficiency, and emissions along with safety attainment in an internal combustion engine is recorded at 30 ppm.

Keywords: Bio-waste; Crank angle; Cylinder pressure; Nanoadditive; Zirconium.