Astute exploration of collective mental health events among the residents of elderly care homes

Nasrin Akter; Bilkis Banu; Sujana Haque Chowdhury; Kazi Rakibul Islam; Tahsin Tasneem Tabassum; Sarder Mahmud Hossain

doi:10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e18117

Astute exploration of collective mental health events among the residents of elderly care homes

Heliyon. 2023 Jul 8;9(7):e18117. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e18117. eCollection 2023 Jul.

Authors

Nasrin Akter¹, Bilkis Banu¹, Sujana Haque Chowdhury¹, Kazi Rakibul Islam¹, Tahsin Tasneem Tabassum², Sarder Mahmud Hossain¹

Affiliations

¹ Department of Public Health, Northern University Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh.
² Department of Community Medicine, East-West Medical College, Dhaka, Bangladesh.

Abstract

Background & objective: Developing countries are presently witnessing a great burden of rapid aging followed by losing the social values of older adults due to age-related cognitive impairment as well as rising depression levels. This study was designed to assess the cognitive impairment and depression status combinedly among older adults in elderly care homes.

Methods: It was a cross-sectional survey among randomly selected 200 older adults aged between 60 and 80 years residing in some old homes in Dhaka district, Bangladesh. Data were collected through face-to-face interviews while Cognitive function and level of depression were assessed by applying the Standardized Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS).

Results: Among all the respondents, the majority (81.5%) were staying in old homes for 1-5 years. The majority (91.0%) had difficulties with vision, 40.7% had difficulties with hearing and 19.6% had difficulties moving around. The MMSE test revealed that 43% had moderate cognitive impairment, 36% had mild and 19.5% were found normal while more than half (56%) had severe depression. Significant cognitive impairment was found among the illiterate respondents who did not have any family care support. In addition, higher-educated respondents were found to have more severe depression (OR/p = 6.33/<0.01; 95% CI: 2.36-16.96). Furthermore, severely depressed respondents had more severe cognitive impairment (COR/p = 3.83/0.01; 95% CI: 1.66-8.83). Functional disabilities were also a greater concern for cognitive impairment and depression.

Conclusion: An increasing number of old home residents are suffering from significant mental disorders while there is no mental health support in the elderly care homes in Bangladesh. Finally, there is a great need to develop packages and programs of mental health care for senior citizens and their caregivers residing in old homes, which can be scaled up across the country's mixed healthcare delivery system.

Keywords: Collective mental health events; Elderly care homes; Exploration.