This chapter reviews some of the recent advances in the estimation of the local and the total attenuation, with an emphasis on reducing the bias and variance of the estimates. A special focus is put on describing the effect of power spectrum estimation on bias and variance, the introduction of regularization strategies, as well as on eliminating the need to use reference phantoms for compensating for system dependent effects.
Keywords: Attenuation; Bias; Cost function; Local attenuation; Precision; Reference phantom; Regularization; Total attenuation.
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