Case Report: A Case of Bone Marrow Necrosis and Hyperinflammation in a 10-Year-Old Boy after Plasmodium falciparum Infection

Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2023 Jul 24;109(3):611-615. doi: 10.4269/ajtmh.22-0550. Print 2023 Sep 6.

Abstract

A 10-year-old boy with sickle cell disease (SCD) type SC presented with fever and abdominal pain after travel to Ghana and was diagnosed with Plasmodium falciparum infection. Despite adequate antimalarial treatment, he developed evidence of hyperinflammation with marked elevated ferritin, C-reactive protein, and triglycerides and subsequent bone marrow necrosis, characterized by elevated nucleated red blood cells and significant bone pain. This case report highlights the possible association between malaria and bone marrow necrosis in patients with SCD. Important considerations in treatment and workup of patients presenting with malaria and hyperinflammation are discussed.

Publication types

  • Case Reports

MeSH terms

  • Anemia, Sickle Cell*
  • Bone Marrow
  • Child
  • Humans
  • Malaria* / diagnosis
  • Malaria, Falciparum* / complications
  • Malaria, Falciparum* / diagnosis
  • Malaria, Falciparum* / drug therapy
  • Male
  • Necrosis
  • Plasmodium falciparum