Optimization of extraction and nanoencapsulation of kimchi cabbage by-products to enhance the simulated in vitro digestion of glucosinolates

Sung Jin Park; Min Jung Lee; Yun-Jeong Choi; Ye-Rang Yun; Mi-Ai Lee; Sung Gi Min; Hye-Young Seo; Dong Hyeon Park; Sung Hee Park

doi:10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e16525

Optimization of extraction and nanoencapsulation of kimchi cabbage by-products to enhance the simulated in vitro digestion of glucosinolates

Heliyon. 2023 May 30;9(6):e16525. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e16525. eCollection 2023 Jun.

Authors

Sung Jin Park¹, Min Jung Lee¹, Yun-Jeong Choi¹, Ye-Rang Yun¹, Mi-Ai Lee¹, Sung Gi Min¹, Hye-Young Seo¹, Dong Hyeon Park¹, Sung Hee Park¹

Affiliation

¹ World Institute of Kimchi, Gwangju 61755, Republic of Korea.

Abstract

Kimchi cabbage is a well-known glucosinolate (GLS)-containing vegetable, but its by-products are discarded despite the presence of GLS. The aim of this study was the optimization of the extraction and nanoencapsulation of GLS from kimchi cabbage by-products to enhance the intestinal absorption of GLS. The optimal GLS extraction conditions included steaming thrice as pretreatment, utilizing 70% methanol, and ultrasonication at 20% amplitude for 15 min. Under these conditions, 80.11 ± 4.40 mg/100 g of GLS extraction was obtained and the extraction yield was 81.70 ± 4.73%. The optimized kimchi cabbage by-product extract (KCE) was coated with chitosan-lipid nanoparticles (KCE-NPs) and their stability and release under simulated in vitro gastrointestinal conditions were evaluated. KCE-NPs protected the encapsulated GLS under acidic gastric conditions and released 91.63 ± 0.76% of GLS in the simulated intestinal medium. Therefore, the proposed KCE-NPs are a promising delivery system for increasing GLS absorption.

Keywords: Chitosan-lipid nanoparticles; Glucosinolates; Kimchi cabbage by-products; Release; Simulated in vitro digestion.