1 Institute for Biometrics and Epidemiology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University, Auf'm Hennekamp 65, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany. wolfgang.rathmann@ddz.de.
2 German Center for Diabetes Research, Partner Düsseldorf, Munich-Neuherberg, Germany. wolfgang.rathmann@ddz.de.
3 Institute for Biometrics and Epidemiology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University, Auf'm Hennekamp 65, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany.
4 German Center for Diabetes Research, Partner Düsseldorf, Munich-Neuherberg, Germany.
5 Department of Data Science and Healthcare Analyses, Central Research Institute for Ambulatory Healthcare in Germany (Zi), Berlin, Germany.
6 Biostatistics and Medical Biometry, Medical School EWL, Bielefeld University, Bielefeld, Germany.