Natural History and Phenotypic Spectrum of GAA-FGF14 Sporadic Late-Onset Cerebellar Ataxia (SCA27B)

Mov Disord. 2023 Oct;38(10):1950-1956. doi: 10.1002/mds.29560. Epub 2023 Jul 20.

Abstract

Background: Heterozygous GAA expansions in the FGF14 gene have been related to autosomal dominant cerebellar ataxia (SCA27B-MIM:620174). Whether they represent a common cause of sporadic late-onset cerebellar ataxia (SLOCA) remains to be established.

Objectives: To estimate the prevalence, characterize the phenotypic spectrum, identify discriminative features, and model longitudinal progression of SCA27B in a prospective cohort of SLOCA patients.

Methods: FGF14 expansions screening combined with longitudinal deep-phenotyping in a prospective cohort of 118 SLOCA patients (onset >40 years of age, no family history of cerebellar ataxia) without a definite diagnosis.

Results: Prevalence of SCA27B was 12.7% (15/118). Higher age of onset, higher Spinocerebellar Degeneration Functional Score, presence of vertigo, diplopia, nystagmus, orthostatic hypotension absence, and sensorimotor neuropathy were significantly associated with SCA27B. Ataxia progression was ≈0.4 points per year on the Scale for Assessment and Rating of Ataxia.

Conclusions: FGF14 expansion is a major cause of SLOCA. Our natural history data will inform future FGF14 clinical trials. © 2023 The Authors. Movement Disorders published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.

Keywords: FGF14; SCA27B; cerebellar ataxia; genetics; natural history; phenotyping.

MeSH terms

  • Ataxia / complications
  • Cerebellar Ataxia* / complications
  • Cerebellar Ataxia* / epidemiology
  • Cerebellar Ataxia* / genetics
  • Humans
  • Prospective Studies
  • Spinocerebellar Ataxias* / genetics
  • Spinocerebellar Degenerations* / complications
  • Spinocerebellar Degenerations* / epidemiology
  • Spinocerebellar Degenerations* / genetics

Substances

  • fibroblast growth factor 14
  • GAA protein, human