Effect of an low-energy Nd: YAG laser on periodontal ligament stem cell homing through the SDF-1/CXCR4 signaling pathway

Nan Wu; Jianing Song; Xin Liu; Xiangtao Ma; Xiaoman Guo; Taohong Liu; Mingxuan Wu

doi:10.1186/s12903-023-03132-6

Effect of an low-energy Nd: YAG laser on periodontal ligament stem cell homing through the SDF-1/CXCR4 signaling pathway

BMC Oral Health. 2023 Jul 19;23(1):501. doi: 10.1186/s12903-023-03132-6.

Authors

Nan Wu^{1

2}, Jianing Song^{1

2}, Xin Liu^{1

2}, Xiangtao Ma^{1

2}, Xiaoman Guo^{1

2}, Taohong Liu^{1

2}, Mingxuan Wu^{3

4}

Affiliations

¹ Hebei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Department of Periodontology (II), Hebei Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Hebei Medical University, Zhongshan East Road 383, Shijiazhuang, 050017, Hebei, People's Republic of China.
² Hebei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Department of Laser Medicine, Hebei Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, Hebei, People's Republic of China.
³ Hebei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Department of Periodontology (II), Hebei Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Hebei Medical University, Zhongshan East Road 383, Shijiazhuang, 050017, Hebei, People's Republic of China. 15608758@qq.com.
⁴ Hebei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Department of Laser Medicine, Hebei Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, Hebei, People's Republic of China. 15608758@qq.com.

Abstract

Background: The key to the success of endogenous regeneration is to improve the homing rate of stem cells, and low-energy laser is an effective auxiliary means to promote cell migration and proliferation. The purpose of this study was to observe whether low-energy neodymium (Nd: YAG) laser with appropriate parameters can affect the proliferation and migration of periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs) through SDF-1/CXCR4 pathway.

Methods: h PDLSCs were cultured and identified. CCK8 assay was used to detect the proliferation of h PDLSCs after different power (0, 0.25, 0.5, 1, and 1.5 W) Nd: YAG laser (MSP, 10 Hz, 30 s, 300 μ m) irradiation at 2th, 3rd,5th, and 7th days, and the optimal laser irradiation parameters were selected for subsequent experiments. Then, the cells were categorized into five groups: control group (C), SDF-1 group (S), AMD3100 group (A), Nd: YAG laser irradiation group (N), and Nd: YAG laser irradiation + AMD3100 group (N + A). the migration of h PDLSCs was observed using Transwell, and the SDF-1 expression was evaluated using ELISA andRT-PCR. The SPSS Statistics 21.0 software was used for statistical analysis.

Results: The fibroblasts cultured were identified as h PDLSCs. Compared with the C, when the power was 1 W, the proliferation rate of h PDLSCs was accelerated (P < 0.05). When the power was 1.5 W, the proliferation rate decreased (P < 0.05). When the power was 0.25 and 0.5 W, no statistically significant difference in the proliferation rate was observed (P > 0.05). The number of cell perforations values as follows: C (956.5 ± 51.74), A (981.5 ± 21.15), S (1253 ± 87.21), N (1336 ± 48.54), and N + A (1044 ± 22.13), that increased significantly in group N (P < 0.05), but decreased in group N + A (P < 0.05). The level of SDF-1 and the expression level of SDF-1 mRNA in groups N and N + A was higher than that in group C (P < 0.05) but lower than that in group A (P < 0.05).

Conclusions: Nd: YAG laser irradiation with appropriate parameters provides a new method for endogenous regeneration of periodontal tissue. SDF-1/CXCR4 signaling pathway may be the mechanism of LLLT promoting periodontal regeneration.

Keywords: CXCR4 signaling pathway; Endogenous periodontal regeneration; Low level laser therapy; Periodontal ligament stem cells; SDF-1.

Publication types

Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

Benzylamines
Cell Movement*
Humans
Lasers, Solid-State*
Periodontal Ligament* / cytology
Receptors, CXCR4
Stem Cells* / cytology

Substances

Benzylamines
CXCR4 protein, human
plerixafor
Receptors, CXCR4