Psychometric properties of the translated Spanish version of the Pain Self-Efficacy Questionnaire

Borja Perez-Dominguez; Sara Perpiña-Martinez; Isabel Escobio-Prieto; Marta de la Fuente-Costa; Alvaro Manuel Rodriguez-Rodriguez; Maria Blanco-Diaz

doi:10.3389/fmed.2023.1226037

Psychometric properties of the translated Spanish version of the Pain Self-Efficacy Questionnaire

Front Med (Lausanne). 2023 Jul 3:10:1226037. doi: 10.3389/fmed.2023.1226037. eCollection 2023.

Authors

Borja Perez-Dominguez¹, Sara Perpiña-Martinez², Isabel Escobio-Prieto^{3

4}, Marta de la Fuente-Costa⁵, Alvaro Manuel Rodriguez-Rodriguez⁵, Maria Blanco-Diaz⁵

Affiliations

¹ Department of Physiotherapy, Exercise Intervention for Health Research Group, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain.
² Faculty of Health Sciences, Pontifical University of Salamanca, Madrid, Spain.
³ Department of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Nursing, Physiotherapy and Podiatry, University of Seville, Seville, Spain.
⁴ Research group CTS-1043: Health, Physiotherapy and Physical Activity, Institute of Biomedicine of Seville (IBIS), Seville, Spain.
⁵ Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Physiotherapy and Translational Research Group, Institute of Health Research of the Principality of Asturias, University of Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain.

Abstract

Introduction: Some patients with rotator cuff injuries do not report significant changes in pain-related outcomes. Pain self-efficacy, which is commonly assessed using the Pain Self-Efficacy Questionnaire, may contribute toward this outcome. However, a Spanish adaptation of this questionnaire is currently lacking. Therefore, this study's purpose was developing the Spanish version of this questionnaire, and assess its psychometric properties.

Methods: The Spanish version of the Pain Self-Efficacy Questionnaire was translated and culturally adapted, and a sample of 107 patients with rotator cuff injuries completed the questionnaire to examine its convergent validity (analyzing its correlation with the Tampa Scale of Kinesiophobia), its test-retest reliability, for which a subset of 40 participants completed again the questionnaire, and its internal consistency.

Results: Translation was conducted without any problems, and 107 participants completed the study. Mean scores for the Pain Self-Efficacy Questionnaire were 45.2 points (standard deviation, 11.4). The Pain Self-Efficacy Questionnaire showed a moderate negative correlation with the Tampa Scale of Kinesiophobia (Pearson's correlation index r = -0.48) supporting its convergent validity. High test-retest reliability (Intraclass Correlation Coefficient of 0.90) and excellent internal consistency (Cronbach's α value of 0.92) were also found.

Discussion: The Spanish version of the Pain Self-Efficacy Questionnaire presents high validity, test-retest reliability, and internal consistency to assess pain self-efficacy in patients suffering rotator cuff injuries in Spanish-speaking settings.

Keywords: Spain; cross-cultural adaptation; pain self-efficacy questionnaire; reliability; validity.