Populations with limited language proficiency (LLP) experience difficulties understanding health information and accessing care. This study aimed to explore health literacy and LLP by examining the published literature on the barriers and facilitators to health care.
Methods: A scoping review of studies with populations in countries and regions where they have LLP in the locally dominant language was conducted.
Results: One-hundred and forty-three (143) articles met eligibility criteria. Most studies were conducted in North America (n = 99, 69.2%) and the primary language of study participants was Spanish (n = 32; 22.4%). Limited language proficiency was associated with low health literacy. Age was a consistent predictor of LLP, while education was predictive of low health literacy. Low health literacy was associated with poorer health outcomes.
Discussion: This review synthesizes the existing research regarding populations with LLP and their health literacy, demonstrating the importance that the intersection between the two has on patient experiences and behaviors.