Changes in the level of cytokines in the saliva of hypertensive patients with chronic periodontitis after scaling and root planning

Ahed Najimelddin Abdullah; Omar Abdul Majeed Al-Habib; Saeed Ali Mohammed

doi:10.1016/j.prostaglandins.2023.106765

Changes in the level of cytokines in the saliva of hypertensive patients with chronic periodontitis after scaling and root planning

Prostaglandins Other Lipid Mediat. 2023 Dec:169:106765. doi: 10.1016/j.prostaglandins.2023.106765. Epub 2023 Jul 13.

Authors

Ahed Najimelddin Abdullah¹, Omar Abdul Majeed Al-Habib², Saeed Ali Mohammed³

Affiliations

¹ Department of Dental Basic Sciences, College of Dentistry, University of Duhok, Duhok, Kurdistan Region, Iraq. Electronic address: ahed.abdullah@uod.ac.
² College of Science, Nawroz University, Duhok, Kurdistan Region, Iraq.
³ Periodontics Department, College of Dentistry, University of Duhok, Duhok, Kurdistan Region, Iraq.

PMID: 37451535
DOI: 10.1016/j.prostaglandins.2023.106765

Abstract

Introduction: Cytokines have a key role in the pathogenesis of both hypertension and periodontitis. Salivary diagnosis is a promising field with numerous clinical applications. Since limited studies have been carried out on how salivary inflammatory cytokines can be determined and how well periodontal disease and hypertension might react to scaling and root planning (SRP). The goal of this study was to identify the pattern of changes in salivary inflammatory cytokines in chronic periodontitis subjects with hypertension after nonsurgical periodontal therapy.

Methods: It included observational trial recruited 94 chronic periodontitis patients, 44 of whom had hypertension. All subjects have undergone non- surgical periodontal treatment. The clinical periodontal parameters included gingival index (GI), plaque index (PI), and probing of pocket depth (PPD). Unstimulated saliva was collected to determine the inflammatory biomarkers (using a commercial Elisa kit) both before and after SRP RESULTS: In comparison to non-hypertensive participants, the periodontal PPD was significantly higher in hypertensive subjects. All clinical parameters in the first examination, except for PI, were significantly higher in hypertensive than in non-hypertensive subjects. Plaque Index, GI, and PPD parameters at first visit and after finishing treatment positively correlated with salivary IL-1β, excluding pretreatment GI. The current results demonstrate the presence of a positive correlation between diastolic blood pressure and TNF (r = 0.330 and P = 0.029). All patients enrolled in this study showed a significant increase in the salivary levels of IL-4 after SRP.

Conclusions: The current study offer important and valuable information concerning the practical application of pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines as useful biomarkers and indicators for determining the outcome of SRP and progression of chronic periodontitis in patients with hypertension.

Keywords: Chronic periodontitis; Cytokine(s); Hypertension; Inflammatory biomarker; Non-surgical treatment; Scaling, root planning.

MeSH terms

Biomarkers
Chronic Periodontitis* / drug therapy
Chronic Periodontitis* / therapy
Cytokines
Humans
Hypertension* / complications
Saliva / chemistry

Substances

Cytokines
Biomarkers