Chitosan-encapsulated nickel oxide, tin dioxide, and farnesol nanoparticles: Antimicrobial and anticancer properties in breast cancer cells

Suresh Mickymaray; Mohammed Saleh Al Aboody; Mostafa M Eraqi; Wardha A Alhoqail; Abdulaziz S Alothaim; Kaviya Suresh; Palanisamy Arulselvan

doi:10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.125799

Chitosan-encapsulated nickel oxide, tin dioxide, and farnesol nanoparticles: Antimicrobial and anticancer properties in breast cancer cells

Int J Biol Macromol. 2023 Sep 1:248:125799. doi: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.125799. Epub 2023 Jul 12.

Authors

Suresh Mickymaray¹, Mohammed Saleh Al Aboody², Mostafa M Eraqi³, Wardha A Alhoqail⁴, Abdulaziz S Alothaim⁵, Kaviya Suresh⁶, Palanisamy Arulselvan⁷

Affiliations

¹ Department of Biology, College of Science- Al-Zulfi, Majmaah University, Majmaah 11952, Riyadh Region, Saudi Arabia; Centre of Molecular Medicine and Diagnostics (COMManD), Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, India. Electronic address: s.maray@mu.edu.sa.
² Department of Biology, College of Science- Al-Zulfi, Majmaah University, Majmaah 11952, Riyadh Region, Saudi Arabia. Electronic address: m.alaboudi@mu.edu.sa.
³ Department of Biology, College of Science- Al-Zulfi, Majmaah University, Majmaah 11952, Riyadh Region, Saudi Arabia; Microbiology and Immunology Department, Veterinary Research Institute, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza 12622, Egypt. Electronic address: m.eraqi@mu.edu.sa.
⁴ Department of Biology, College of Education, Majmaah University, Majmaah 11952, Riyadh Region, Saudi Arabia. Electronic address: w.alhoqail@mu.edu.sa.
⁵ Department of Biology, College of Science- Al-Zulfi, Majmaah University, Majmaah 11952, Riyadh Region, Saudi Arabia. Electronic address: a.alothaim@mu.edu.sa.
⁶ Department of Pharmaceutics, Sri Ramachandra Faculty of Pharmacy, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research (DU), Porur, Chennai 600 116, India.
⁷ Muthayammal Centre for Advanced Research, Muthayammal College of Arts and Science, Rasipuram, Namakkal, Tamil Nadu 637408, India; Scigen Research and Innovation Pvt. Ltd., Periyar Technology Business Incubator, Thanjavur, Tamil Nadu, India.

PMID: 37451381
DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.125799

Abstract

Breast cancer is the most frequent cancer in women; however, it is curable in most cases (up to 80 %) when detected and treated at an early non-metastatic stage. Nanotechnology has led to the development of potential chemotherapeutic techniques, particularly for tumor treatment. Nanotechnology has therapeutic and pharmaceutical applications. Chitosan, a natural polymer derived from chitin, has been extensively studied for its potential applications in a wide range of fields. This includes medicine for its anticancer properties. In the present study, Chitosan-encapsulated-NiO-TiO2-Farnesol hybrid nanomaterials (CNTF HNMs) were synthesized and characterized using several techniques, including electron microscopy (TEM, FE-SEM), spectroscopy (UV-visible [UV-Vis], Fourier Transform Infrared [FT-IR] spectroscopy, and photoluminescence [PL]), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) composition analysis, X-ray diffraction, and dynamic light scattering (DLS) analyses. With an estimated average crystallite size of 34.8 nm, the face-cantered cubic crystalline structure of the CNTF HNMs is identified. Cell viability assay by MTT (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide), DAPI (4',6-diamidino-2-phenylindole) staining, dual AO/EtBr (Acridine Orange/ Ethidium bromide), JC-1 (5,5,6,6'-tetrachloro-1,1',3,3' tetraethylbenzimi-dazoylcarbocyanine iodide), DCFH-DA (Dichloro-dihydro-fluorescein diacetate), Annexin V-FITC (Fluorescein isothiocyanate) /PI (Propidium Iodide), and cell cycle study was used to assess the ability of nanoparticles (NPs) to kill MDA-MB-231 cells. The CNTF HNMs had high antibacterial effectiveness against multi-drug resistant extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBL)-producing gram-negative bacterial pathogens and reference strains. The findings suggest that NPs increased the number of reactive oxygen species (ROS), changed the Δψm, and initiated apoptosis. There is enormous potential for CNTF HNMs as both antibacterial and anticancer agents.

Keywords: Antibacterial; Breast cancer; CNTF HNMs; Farnesol; MDA-MB-231; Nickel oxide; Tin dioxide.

MeSH terms

Anti-Bacterial Agents / chemistry
Anti-Infective Agents*
Breast Neoplasms* / drug therapy
Breast Neoplasms* / pathology
Cell Line, Tumor
Chitosan* / pharmacology
Ciliary Neurotrophic Factor
Farnesol
Female
Humans
Metal Nanoparticles* / chemistry
Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared

Substances

stannic oxide
Farnesol
Chitosan
nickel monoxide
Ciliary Neurotrophic Factor
Anti-Infective Agents
Anti-Bacterial Agents