Assessment of heat transfer and the consequences of iron oxide (Fe3O4) nanoparticles on flow of blood in an abdominal aortic aneurysm

Azad Hussain; Muhammad Naveel Riaz Dar; Nashmi H Alrasheed; Khalil Hajlaoui; Mohamed Bechir Ben Hamida

doi:10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e17660

Assessment of heat transfer and the consequences of iron oxide (Fe₃O₄) nanoparticles on flow of blood in an abdominal aortic aneurysm

Heliyon. 2023 Jun 28;9(7):e17660. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e17660. eCollection 2023 Jul.

Authors

Azad Hussain¹, Muhammad Naveel Riaz Dar¹, Nashmi H Alrasheed², Khalil Hajlaoui², Mohamed Bechir Ben Hamida^{2

3

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Affiliations

¹ Department of Mathematics, University of Gujrat, Gujrat 50700, Pakistan.
² College of Engineering, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
³ Research Laboratory of Ionized Backgrounds and Reagents Studies (EMIR), Preparatory Institute for Engineering Studies of Monastir (IPEIM), University of Monastir, Monastir City, Tunisia.
⁴ Higher School of Sciences and Technology of Hammam Sousse (ESSTHS), University of Sousse, Tunisia.

Abstract

The present study is established on a simulation using CFD analysis in COMSOL. Blood acted as the base fluid with this simulation. The taken flow is been modeled as incompressible, unsteady, laminar and Newtonian fluid, which is appropriate at high rates of shear. The characteristic of flow of blood is been studied in order to determine pressure, velocity and temperature impact caused by an abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA). This work employs nanoparticles of the Iron Oxide (Fe₃O₄) type. The CFD technique is utilized to evaluate the equations of mass, momentum, and energy. The COMSOL software is utilized to generate a normal element sized mesh. The findings of this study demonstrate that velocity alters through aneurysmal part of the aorta, that velocity is higher in a diseased segment, and that velocity increases before and after the aneurysmal region. For the heat transfer feature, the reference temperature and general inward heat flux is taken as 293.15K and 800W/m². The nanoparticles altered blood's physical properties, including conductivity, dynamic viscosity, specific heat, and density. The inclusion of Iron Oxide (Fe₃O₄) nanoparticles managed to prevent overheating because taken nanoparticles have significant thermal conductivity. These findings will be extremely beneficial in the treatment of abdominal aortic aneurysm.

Keywords: Aneurysm; CFD; Incompressible; Laminar; Nanoparticles (Fe3O4); Newtonian fluid; Unsteady.