Comparative Evaluation of Antioxidant Status and Mineral Composition of Diploschistes ocellatus, Calvatia candida (rostk.) Hollós, Battarrea phalloides and Artemisia lerchiana in Conditions of High Soil Salinity

Nadezhda Golubkina; Tatiana Tolpysheva; Vladimir Lapchenko; Helene Lapchenko; Nikolay Pirogov; Viacheslav Zaitsev; Agnieszka Sękara; Alessio Tallarita; Vasile Stoleru; Otilia Cristina Murariu; Gianluca Caruso

doi:10.3390/plants12132530

Comparative Evaluation of Antioxidant Status and Mineral Composition of Diploschistes ocellatus, Calvatia candida (rostk.) Hollós, Battarrea phalloides and Artemisia lerchiana in Conditions of High Soil Salinity

Plants (Basel). 2023 Jul 3;12(13):2530. doi: 10.3390/plants12132530.

Affiliations

¹ Federal Scientific Vegetable Center, Kubinka 143072, Russia.
² Department of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory,1, Building 1, Moscow 119234, Russia.
³ T.I. Vyazemsky Karadag Scientific Station, Nature Reserve RAS-Branch of A. O. Kovalevsky Institute of Biology of the Southern Seas of RAS, Feodosia 298188, Russia.
⁴ Bogdinsko-Baskunchak Nature Reserve, Akhtubinsk 416532, Russia.
⁵ Department of Hydrobiology and General Ecology, Astrakhan State Technical University, Tatisheva 16, Astrakhan 414025, Russia.
⁶ Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Biotechnology and Horticulture, University of Agriculture, 31-120 Krakow, Poland.
⁷ Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, 80055 Portici, Italy.
⁸ "Ion Ionescu de la Brad" Iasi University of Life Sciences, 3 M. Sadoveanu Alley, 700440 Iasi, Romania.

Abstract

Natural reserves play a fundamental role in maintaining flora and fauna biodiversity, but the biochemical characteristics of such ecosystems have been studied in an extremely fragmentary way. For the first time, mineral composition and antioxidant status of three systematic groups of organisms, lichens (Diplischistes ocellatus), mushrooms (Calvatia candida and Battarrea phalloides) and wormwood (Artemisia lerchiana) have been described at the territory of Bogdinsko-Baskunchak Nature Reserve (Astrakhan region, Russia), characterized by high salinity and solar radiation, and water deficiency. Through ICP-MS, it was determined that scale lichen D. ocellatus accumulated up to 10-15% Ca, 0.5% Fe, 15 mg kg^-1 d.w. iodine (I), 54.5 mg kg^-1 Cr. Battarrea phalloides demonstrated anomalously high concentrations of B, Cu, Fe, Mn Se, Zn, Sr and low Na levels, contrary to Calvatia candida mushrooms accumulating up to 10,850 mg kg^-1 Na and only 3 mg kg^-1 Sr. The peculiarity of A. lerchiana plants was the high accumulation of B (22.23 mg kg^-1 d.w.), Mn (57.48 mg kg^-1 d.w.), and antioxidants (total antioxidant activity: 68.6 mg GAE g^-1 d.w.; polyphenols: 21.0 mg GAE g^-1 d.w.; and proline: 5.45 mg g^-1 d.w.). Diploschistes ocellatus and Calvatia candida demonstrated the lowest antioxidant status: 3.6-3.8 mg GAE g^-1 d.w. total antioxidant activity, 1.73-2.10 mg GAE g^-1 d.w. polyphenols and 2.0-5.3 mg g^-1 d.w. proline. Overall, according to the elemental analysis of lichen from Baskunchak Nature Reserve compared to the Southern Crimean seashore, the vicinity of Baskunchak Salty Lake elicited increased environmental levels of Cr, Si, Li, Fe, Co, Ni and Ca.

Keywords: Bogdinsko-Baskunchak Nature Reserve; antioxidants; lichen; mineral elements; mushrooms; wormwood.

Grants and funding

This research did not receive any grants from public, commercial, or not-for-profit agencies and was carried out according to the State assignment №121032300023-7 “Investigation of peculiarities of terrestrial ecosystems structure and dynamics in different ecological zones” (Karadag Nature Reserve) and the scientific project of the state task of the Lomonosov Moscow State University No 121032300081-7.