The atherogenic index of plasma (AIP) is a predictor for the severity of coronary artery disease

Ya Li; Yujia Feng; Shu Li; Yulin Ma; Jiesheng Lin; Jing Wan; Min Zhao

doi:10.3389/fcvm.2023.1140215

The atherogenic index of plasma (AIP) is a predictor for the severity of coronary artery disease

Front Cardiovasc Med. 2023 Jun 27:10:1140215. doi: 10.3389/fcvm.2023.1140215. eCollection 2023.

Authors

Ya Li^#¹, Yujia Feng^#¹, Shu Li², Yulin Ma³, Jiesheng Lin^{4

5}, Jing Wan¹, Min Zhao⁶

Affiliations

¹ Department of Cardiology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
² Department of Intensive Care Unit, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
³ Department of Cardiology, Hubei Jianghan Oilfield General Hospital, Qianjiang, China.
⁴ Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), Neuherberg, Germany.
⁵ Institute for Medical Information Processing, Biometry, and Epidemiology (IBE), Faculty of Medicine, Pettenkofer School of Public Health, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany.
⁶ Demonstration Center for Experimental Basic Medicine Education, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.

^# Contributed equally.

Abstract

Objective: Dyslipidemia is a key risk factor for coronary artery disease (CAD). This study aimed to investigate the correlation between the atherogenic index of plasma (AIP) and the severity of CAD.

Methods: 2,491 patients were enrolled in this study and analyzed retrospectively, including 665 non-CAD patients as the control group and 1,826 CAD patients. The CAD patients were classified into three subgroups according to tertiles of SYNTAX score (SS). Non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (Non-HDL-C) was defined as serum total cholesterol (TC) minus serum high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (Non-HDL-C), atherogenic index (AI) was defined as the ratio of non-HDL-C to HDL-C; AIP was defined as the logarithm of the ratio of the concentration of triglyceride (TG) to HDL-C; lipoprotein combine index (LCI) was defined as the ratio of TC∗TG∗ low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL)to HDL-C; Castelli Risk Index I (CRI I) was defined as the ratio of TC to HDL-C; Castelli Risk Index II (CRI II) was defined as the ratio of LDL-C to HDL-C.

Results: The levels of AIP (P < 0.001), AI (P < 0.001), and LCI (P = 0.013) were higher in the CAD group compared with the non-CAD group. The Spearman correlation analysis showed that AIP (r = 0.075, P < 0.001), AI (r = 0.132, P < 0.001), and LCI (r = 0.072, P = 0.001) were positively correlated with SS. The multivariate logistic regression model showed CRI I (OR: 1.11, 95% CI: 1.03-1.19, P = 0.005), CRI II (OR: 1.26, 95% CI: 1.15-1.39, P < 0.001), AI (OR: 1.28, 95% CI: 1.17-1.40, P < 0.001), AIP (OR: 2.06, 95% CI: 1.38-3.07, P < 0.001), and LCI (OR: 1.01, 95% CI: 1.01-1.02, P < 0.001) were independent predictors of severity of CAD After adjusting various confounders.

Conclusion: CRI I, CRI II, AIP, AI, and LCI were independent predictors of the severity of CAD, which could be used as a biomarker for the evaluation of the severity of CAD.

Keywords: atherogenic index; atherogenic index of plasma; biomarker; coronary artery disease; lipoprotein combine index.

Grants and funding

This study was supported by the Translational Medicine and Interdisciplinary Research Joint Fund of Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University (grant number ZNJC202201).