Atopic dermatitis and chronic kidney disease: a bidirectional Mendelian randomization study

Han Zhang; Shuai Yuan; Yong Li; Doudou Li; Zengli Yu; Lidan Hu; Xue Li; Yuming Wang; Susanna C Larsson

doi:10.3389/fmed.2023.1180596

Atopic dermatitis and chronic kidney disease: a bidirectional Mendelian randomization study

Front Med (Lausanne). 2023 Jun 27:10:1180596. doi: 10.3389/fmed.2023.1180596. eCollection 2023.

Authors

Han Zhang^{1

2}, Shuai Yuan³, Yong Li⁴, Doudou Li², Zengli Yu^{2

5}, Lidan Hu⁶, Xue Li¹, Yuming Wang¹, Susanna C Larsson^{3

7}

Affiliations

¹ Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.
² College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.
³ Unit of Cardiovascular and Nutritional Epidemiology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Solna, Stockholm, Sweden.
⁴ Department of Biometry, Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Epidemiology and Medical Bioinformatics, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.
⁵ NHC Key Laboratory of Birth Defects Prevention and Henan Key Laboratory of Population Defects Prevention, Zhengzhou, China.
⁶ The Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, China.
⁷ Unit of Medical Epidemiology, Department of Surgical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.

Abstract

Background: A bidirectional association between atopic dermatitis and chronic kidney disease (CKD) has been revealed in observational studies, whereas the causality of this association was unclear. We conducted a Mendelian randomization study to determine the bidirectional causal association between atopic dermatitis and CKD.

Methods: Independent genetic instruments associated with atopic dermatitis and CKD at the genome-wide significance level were chosen from corresponding meta-analyses of genome-wide association studies. Summary-level data for atopic dermatitis were obtained from the EAGLE Eczema consortium (30,047 cases and 40,835 controls) and FinnGen consortium (7,024 cases and 198,740 controls). Summary-level data for CKD were derived from CKDGen consortium (64,164 cases and 625,219 controls) and FinnGen consortium (3,902 cases and 212,841 controls). The inverse-variance weighted method was used in the main analysis and supplemented with three sensitivity analyses.

Results: Genetic predisposition to atopic dermatitis was associated with an increased risk of CKD. For a one-unit increase in the prevalence of atopic dermatitis, the odds ratio of CKD was 1.07 (95% confidence interval: 1.01-1.12). In the reverse Mendelian randomization analysis, the odds ratio of atopic dermatitis was 1.14 (95% confidence interval: 1.03-1.26) for a one-unit increase in the prevalence of CKD. The associations persisted in sensitivity analyses and no pleiotropy was detected.

Conclusion: This Mendelian randomization study suggests a bidirectional positive association between atopic dermatitis and CKD.

Keywords: MR-PRESSO; Mendelian randomization; atopic dermatitis; bidirectional Mendelian randomization; chronic kidney disease.