MOV10 recruits DCP2 to decap human LINE-1 RNA by forming large cytoplasmic granules with phase separation properties

EMBO Rep. 2023 Sep 6;24(9):e56512. doi: 10.15252/embr.202256512. Epub 2023 Jul 12.

Abstract

Long interspersed element 1 (LINE-1) is the only active autonomous mobile element in the human genome. Its transposition can exert deleterious effects on the structure and function of the host genome and cause sporadic genetic diseases. Tight control of LINE-1 mobilization by the host is crucial for genetic stability. In this study, we report that MOV10 recruits the main decapping enzyme DCP2 to LINE-1 RNA and forms a complex of MOV10, DCP2, and LINE-1 RNP, exhibiting liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS) properties. DCP2 cooperates with MOV10 to decap LINE-1 RNA, which causes degradation of LINE-1 RNA and thus reduces LINE-1 retrotransposition. We here identify DCP2 as one of the key effector proteins determining LINE-1 replication, and elucidate an LLPS mechanism that facilitates the anti-LINE-1 action of MOV10 and DCP2.

Keywords: DCP2; LINE-1; MOV10; RNA decap; liquid-liquid phase separation.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Cytoplasmic Granules* / metabolism
  • Endoribonucleases / genetics
  • Humans
  • Long Interspersed Nucleotide Elements
  • RNA / metabolism
  • RNA Helicases* / metabolism

Substances

  • DCP2 protein, human
  • Endoribonucleases
  • RNA
  • RNA Helicases
  • Mov10 protein, human