Detection and sensing of oral xenobiotics in edentulous patients rehabilitated with titanium dental implants: Insights from a scoping review

Pier Paolo Poli; Mattia Manfredini; Nadim Oliva; Sofia Bettini; Giovanni Damiani; Riccardo Goldoni; Lucanos Strambini; Sara Casati; Massimo Del Fabbro; Gianluca M Tartaglia

doi:10.1016/j.prosdent.2023.05.012

Detection and sensing of oral xenobiotics in edentulous patients rehabilitated with titanium dental implants: Insights from a scoping review

J Prosthet Dent. 2023 Jul 7:S0022-3913(23)00342-6. doi: 10.1016/j.prosdent.2023.05.012. Online ahead of print.

Authors

Affiliations

¹ Research Fellow, Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy; Research Fellow, Implant Center for Edentulism and Jawbone Atrophies, Maxillofacial Surgery and Odontostomatology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy.
² PhD Student, Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy; PhD Student, Implant Center for Edentulism and Jawbone Atrophies, Maxillofacial Surgery and Odontostomatology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy. Electronic address: mattiamanfredinidr@gmail.com.
³ Resident, Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.
⁴ Resident, Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy; Resident, Implant Center for Edentulism and Jawbone Atrophies, Maxillofacial Surgery and Odontostomatology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy.
⁵ Assistant Professor, Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy; Assistant Professor, Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padua, Padua, Italy; Assistant Professor, Division of Clinical Dermatology, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, Milan, Italy.
⁶ PhD Student, Department of Electronics, Information and Bioengineering (DEIB), Politecnico Di Milano, Milan, Italy; PhD Student, National Research Council, Department of Electronics, Information and Bioengineering (DEIB), Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy.
⁷ Research Fellow, National Research Council, Department of Electronics, Computer and Telecommunication Engineering (CNR-IEIIT), Milan, Italy.
⁸ Research Fellow, Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.
⁹ Associate Professor, Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy; Associate Professor, Maxillofacial Surgery and Odontostomatology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy.

PMID: 37423787
DOI: 10.1016/j.prosdent.2023.05.012

Abstract

Statement of problem: Titanium has been considered the standard element in implant manufacturing. Recent studies have evaluated the role of titanium as a biological modulator of oral health. However, evidence regarding the association between the release of metal particles and peri-implantitis is lacking.

Purpose: The purpose of this scoping review was to evaluate the literature regarding the release of metal particles in peri-implant tissues correlated with the methods of detection and the local and systemic implications.

Material and methods: The study was performed in adherence with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR) guidelines and was registered with the National Institute for Health Research PROSPERO (Submission No. 275576; ID: CRD42021275576). A systematic search was conducted in the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, EMBASE, MEDLINE via PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science bibliographic databases, complemented by a manual evaluation. Only in vivo human studies written in the English language and published between January 2000 and June 2022 were included.

Results: In total, 10 studies were included according to eligibility criteria. Different tissues and analytic techniques were reported: the characterization technique most used was inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. All 10 studies analyzed the release of metal particles in patients with dental implants, continuously detecting titanium. None of the studies reported a significant association between metal particles and biological effects.

Conclusions: Titanium is still considered the material of choice in implant dentistry, despite the detection of metal particles in peri-implant tissues. Further studies are necessary to evaluate the association between analytes and local health or inflammatory status.

Publication types

Review