Novel Bi2WO6/MWCNT nanohybrids synthesis for high-performance photocatalytic activity of ciprofloxacin degradation under simulated sunlight irradiation

Abstract

In this research, novel Bi₂WO₆/MWCNT nanohybrids were synthesized via a cost-effective hydrothermal route. The photocatalytic performance of these specimens was tested through the photodegradation of Ciprofloxacin (CIP) under simulated sunlight. Various physicochemical techniques systematically characterized the prepared pure, Bi2WO6/MWCNT nanohybrid photocatalysts. The XRD and Raman spectra revealed the structural/phase properties of Bi₂WO₆/MWCNT nanohybrids. FESEM and TEM pictures revealed the attachment and distribution of plate-like Bi₂WO₆ nanoparticles along the nanotubes. The optical absorption and bandgap energy of Bi₂WO₆ was affected by the addition of MWCNT, which was analyzed by UV-DRS spectroscopy. The introduction of MWCNT reduces the bandgap value of Bi₂WO₆ from 2.76 to 2.46 eV. The BWM-10 nanohybrid showed superior photocatalytic activity for CIP photodegradation; 91.3% of CIP was degraded under sunlight irradiation. The PL and transient photocurrent test confirm that photoinduced charge separation efficiency is better in BWM-10 nanohybrids. The scavenger test indicates that h⁺ & •O₂ have mainly contributed to the CIP degradation process. Furthermore, the BWM-10 catalyst demonstrated outstanding reusability and firmness in four successive cycles. It is anticipated that the Bi₂WO₆/MWCNT nanohybrids will be employed as photocatalysts for environmental remediation and energy conversion. This research presents a novel technique for developing an effective photocatalyst for pollutant degradation.

Keywords: Bi(2)WO(6)/MWCNT nanohybrids; Ciprofloxacin; Photocatalysis; Sunlight irradiation.