1 Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine of Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA.
2 Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Heart, Vascular and Thoracic Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA; Cardiovascular Innovation Research Center, Heart, Vascular and Thoracic Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA.
3 Center for Microbiome and Human Health, Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland, Ohio, USA.
4 Endocrinology and Metabolism Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA.
5 Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine of Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA; Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Heart, Vascular and Thoracic Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA; Cardiovascular Innovation Research Center, Heart, Vascular and Thoracic Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA; Center for Microbiome and Human Health, Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland, Ohio, USA. Electronic address: tangw@ccf.org.