The clinicopathological analysis of ocular and orbit tumors in southeast of China

Yuan Lin; Xiaodong Liu; Yujie Zhang; Zhiwen Xie; Xie Fang; Ke Shi; Yanlin Zhong; Shengqi Su; Minqing Cai; Huping Wu; Shangkun Ou

doi:10.3389/fonc.2023.1118862

The clinicopathological analysis of ocular and orbit tumors in southeast of China

Front Oncol. 2023 Jun 19:13:1118862. doi: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1118862. eCollection 2023.

Authors

Yuan Lin^{1

2}, Xiaodong Liu^{1

2}, Yujie Zhang^{1

2}, Zhiwen Xie^{1

2}, Xie Fang^{1

2}, Ke Shi^{1

2}, Yanlin Zhong^{1

2}, Shengqi Su^{1

2

3}, Minqing Cai^{1

2}, Huping Wu^{1

2}, Shangkun Ou^{1

2}

Affiliations

¹ Eye Institute of Xiamen University and affiliated Xiamen Eye Center, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China.
² Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Corneal & Ocular Surface Diseases, Xiamen, Fujian, China.
³ Xiamen Science and Technology Middle School, Xiamen, Fujian, China.

Abstract

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to describe the clinicopathologic characteristics of ocular surface and orbit tumors in the Southeast of China and explore the method to differentiate the benign and malignant masses.

Materials and methods: 3468 patients undergoing mass resection from January 2015 to December 2020 were selected as observation subjects and were classified into benign and malignant masses according to postoperative pathology. The clinicopathologic characteristics were collected, including gender, age, pathological tissue signs, and pathological signs. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis of independent risk factors of malignant mass was applied to establish a diagnostic model and the efficacy was evaluated by the subject working characteristics (ROC) curve.

Results: Benign tumors accounted for 91.5% of all cases, and malignant tumors accounted for 8.5%. The most common ocular benign tumors were nevi (24.2%), granuloma (17.1%), and cysts (16.4%). The most common ocular malignant tumors were malignant lymphoma (32.1%) and Basal cell carcinoma (20.2%). As for the histologic origin, melanocytic origin was on the list with 819 (23.6%), mesenchymal 661 (19.1%), epithelial 568 (16.3%), cystic 521 (15.0%), skin adnexal 110 (3.1%), lymphoid 94 (2.8%), and Neural 25(0.8%). Based on the gender, age, tumor location, and the pathological tissue image feature (including differentiation, structural atypia, covering epithelial, keratosis, nest structure/distribution, nuclear atypia, cytoplasmic change and nuclear division), the diagnostic model had predictive value to differentiate the benign and malignant masses.

Conclusion: Most ocular surface and orbit tumors are benign. Tumor diagnosis is relative to the patient's age, gender, tumor location, and pathologic characteristics. We generated a satisfactory diagnostic model to differential diagnosis of benign and malignant masses.

Keywords: Southeast of China; benign tumor; clinicopathologic characteristics; malignant tumor; ocular tumor.

Grants and funding

This study was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (82101084), China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (2021M69898), and funding from the Xiamen Science and Technology Program for Public Wellbeing (3501Z20214 ZD1209, 3502Z20224ZD1208, 3502Z20224ZD1209, 3502Z20224ZD1210), the Science and Technology Department of Guizhou Province under Science and Technology Support Program of Guizhou Province [20204Y145]. The funders had no role in the study design, data collection and analysis, publishing decision, or preparation of the manuscript.