Urinary incontinence more than 15 years after premenopausal risk-reducing salpingo-oophorectomy: a multicentre cross-sectional study

BJOG. 2024 Jan;131(1):99-108. doi: 10.1111/1471-0528.17591. Epub 2023 Jul 2.

Abstract

Objective: To study the impact of premenopausal risk-reducing salpingo-oophorectomy (RRSO), compared with postmenopausal RRSO, on urinary incontinence (UI) ≥10 years later.

Design: Cross-sectional study, nested in a nationwide cohort.

Setting: Multicentre in the Netherlands.

Population: 750 women (68% BRCA1/2 pathogenic variant carriers) who underwent either premenopausal RRSO (≤45 years, n = 496) or postmenopausal RRSO (≥54 years, n = 254). All participants were ≥55 years at the time of the study.

Methods: Urinary incontinence was assessed by the urinary distress inventory-6 (UDI-6); a score ≥33.3 indicated symptomatic UI. The incontinence impact questionnaire short form (IIQ-SF) was used to assess the impact on women's health-related quality of life (HR-QoL). Differences between groups were analysed using regression analyses adjusting for current age and other confounders.

Main outcome measures: Differences in UDI-6 scores and IIQ-SF scores between women with a premenopausal and a postmenopausal RRSO.

Results: Women in the premenopausal RRSO group had slightly higher UDI-6 scores compared with women in the postmenopausal RRSO group (P = 0.053), and their risk of symptomatic UI was non-significantly increased (odds ratio [OR] 2.1, 95% confidence interval [95% CI] 0.93-4.78). A premenopausal RRSO was associated with a higher risk of stress UI (OR 3.5, 95% CI 1.2-10.0) but not with urge UI. The proportions of women with a significant impact of UI on HR-QoL were similar in the premenopausal and postmenopausal RRSO groups (10.4% and 13.0%, respectively; P = 0.46).

Conclusions: More than 15 years after premenopausal RRSO, there were no significant differences in overall symptomatic UI between women with a premenopausal and those with a postmenopausal RRSO.

Keywords: BRCA pathogenic variant carriers; health-related quality of life; menopause; premenopausal RRSO; preventive bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy; stress incontinence; urge incontinence.

Publication types

  • Multicenter Study

MeSH terms

  • BRCA1 Protein
  • BRCA2 Protein
  • Cross-Sectional Studies
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Ovarian Neoplasms*
  • Ovariectomy
  • Quality of Life
  • Salpingo-oophorectomy
  • Urinary Incontinence* / etiology
  • Urinary Incontinence* / prevention & control

Substances

  • BRCA1 protein, human
  • BRCA1 Protein
  • BRCA2 protein, human
  • BRCA2 Protein