A six-country study of coaches' perspectives of girls' body image concerns in sport and intervention preferences: Template analysis of survey and focus group data

Abstract

Coaches are a key influence of athletes' body image, but often feel ill-equipped to address body image concerns and can perpetuate harmful body ideals. Limited research has investigated coaches' attitudes and beliefs and few effective resources are available. The current study explored coaches' perspectives of body image among girls in sport, as well as their preferences for body image interventions. Thirty-four coaches (41% women; M_age=31.6 yrs; SD=10.5) from France, India, Japan, Mexico, the United Kingdom, and the United States took part in semi-structured focus groups and completed an online survey. Template analysis of survey and focus group data resulted in eight first-order themes grouped under three categories: (1) perspectives of body image among girls in sport (objectification and surveillance, impact of puberty, the role of the coach); (2) preferences for intervention design (content of the intervention, accessibility of the intervention, incentives for taking part); and (3) cross-cultural considerations (acknowledging your privilege, cultural and societal norms). Two integrative themes were defined: (1) girls' disengagement from sport and (2) the role of community. Coaches perceived body image to be a significant barrier for girls in sport and a need to address this in a formal and accessible intervention.

Keywords: Body image; Coach development programme; Coach education; Online interventions; Sport.