High rates of impaired quality of life and social and economic problems at 6 months after COVID-19-related ARDS

Michele Umbrello; Sara Miori; Andrea Sanna; Sergio Lassola; Elena Baruzzo; Daniele Penzo; Giovanni Pedrotti; Annamaria Perino; Angelo Colombo; Rocco Pace; Sandra Magnoni

doi:10.1186/s44158-022-00048-5

High rates of impaired quality of life and social and economic problems at 6 months after COVID-19-related ARDS

J Anesth Analg Crit Care. 2022 May 16;2(1):20. doi: 10.1186/s44158-022-00048-5.

Authors

Affiliations

¹ Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care II, San Carlo Borromeo Hospital, ASST Santi Paolo e Carlo, Milano, Italy.
² Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, Santa Chiara Hospital, Trento, Italy.
³ Center for Neurocognitive Rehabilitation (CeRiN), CIMeC, Trento University, Trento, Italy.
⁴ Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, S. Maria del Carmine Hospital, Rovereto, Italy.
⁵ Department of Sociology and Social Research, Trento University, Trento, Italy.
⁶ Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, Santa Chiara Hospital, Trento, Italy. sandra.magnoni@apss.tn.it.

Abstract

Purpose: Assess long-term quality of life (HR-QoL) and socio-economic impact in COVID-19-related ARDS (C-ARDS) survivors.

Methods: C-ARDS survivors were followed up at 6 months in this prospective, cohort study. HR-QoL was assessed using SF-36 and EQ-5D-5L, and the socio-economic burden of COVID-19 was evaluated with a dedicated questionnaire. Clinical data were prospectively recorded.

Results: Seventy-nine survivors, age 63 [57-71], 84% male, were enrolled. The frequency of EQ-5D-5L reported problems was significantly higher among survivors compared to normal, in mobility, usual activities, and self-care; anxiety and depression and pain were not different. SF-36 scores were lower than the reference population, and physical and mental summary scores were below normal in 52% and 33% of the subjects, respectively. In the multivariable analysis, prolonged hospital length of stay (OR 1.45; p 0.02) and two or more comorbidities on admission (OR 7.42; p 0.002) were significant predictors of impaired "physical" and "mental" HR-QoL, respectively. A total of 38% subjects worsened social relations, 42% changed their employment status, and 23% required personal care support.

Conclusions: C-ARDS survivors have long-term impairment in HR-QoL and socio-economic problems. Prolonged hospital stay and previous comorbidities are risk factors for developing health-related issues.

Keywords: ARDS; C-ARDS; COVID-19; Critical illness; Health-related quality of life; Socio-economic status.