A prospective clinical study evaluating short-term changes in body composition and quality of life after gastrectomy in elderly patients receiving postoperative exercise and nutritional therapies

BMC Surg. 2023 Jun 29;23(1):181. doi: 10.1186/s12893-023-02086-4.

Abstract

Background: Muscle mass loss after gastrectomy is associated with a negative impact on quality of life (QOL) and long-term prognosis following gastric cancer treatment, especially in elderly patients. We conducted a prospective study to examine short-term changes in body composition and QOL after gastrectomy in elderly patients with gastric cancer who received exercise and nutritional therapies.

Methods: Patients over aged 65 years of age who underwent gastrectomies for gastric cancer were enrolled in our study. Patients received exercise and nutritional therapies with branched-chain amino acid (BCAA)-rich supplements during 1 month after surgery. Body composition was evaluated using InBody S10 before surgery, and at 1 week and 1 month postoperatively. Other variables including QOL status (EQ-5D-5 L), serum albumin level, hand grip strength, and gait speed were evaluated at the same time.

Results: Eighteen patients were analyzed. The mean loss of skeletal muscle mass index (SMI) was 4.6% (1 week) and 2.1% (1 month) compared to the preoperative period. QOL scores showed almost the same degree of recovery at 1 month after gastrectomy as preoperative scores. Serum albumin levels, hand grip strength, and gait speed decreased at 1 week and then increased at 1 month after surgery, similar to the changes seen in SMI.

Conclusions: Multidisciplinary approaches play key role in the surgical treatment of elderly patients. Postoperative exercise and nutritional therapies with BCAA-rich supplements may benefit elderly patients after gastrectomy by reducing loss of SMI and decreases in QOL.

Trial registration: UMIN Clinical Trials Registry; UMIN000034374 (registration date: 10/10/2018).

Keywords: BCAA; Body composition; Elderly; Gastric cancer; Rehabilitation.

MeSH terms

  • Aged
  • Body Composition
  • Gastrectomy
  • Hand Strength
  • Humans
  • Prospective Studies
  • Quality of Life*
  • Serum Albumin
  • Stomach Neoplasms* / surgery

Substances

  • Serum Albumin