Crystallization and Orientation Modulation Enable Highly Efficient Doctor-Bladed Perovskite Solar Cells

Jianhui Chang; Erming Feng; Hengyue Li; Yang Ding; Caoyu Long; Yuanji Gao; Yingguo Yang; Chenyi Yi; Zijian Zheng; Junliang Yang

doi:10.1007/s40820-023-01138-x

Crystallization and Orientation Modulation Enable Highly Efficient Doctor-Bladed Perovskite Solar Cells

Nanomicro Lett. 2023 Jun 29;15(1):164. doi: 10.1007/s40820-023-01138-x.

Authors

Jianhui Chang¹, Erming Feng¹, Hengyue Li¹, Yang Ding¹, Caoyu Long¹, Yuanji Gao¹, Yingguo Yang², Chenyi Yi³, Zijian Zheng⁴, Junliang Yang⁵

Affiliations

¹ Hunan Key Laboratory of Nanophotonics and Devices, School of Physics and Electronics, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, Hunan, People's Republic of China.
² Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility (SSRF), Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201204, People's Republic of China.
³ Department of Electrical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, People's Republic of China.
⁴ Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, Faculty of Science, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, 999077, People's Republic of China.
⁵ Hunan Key Laboratory of Nanophotonics and Devices, School of Physics and Electronics, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, Hunan, People's Republic of China. junliang.yang@csu.edu.cn.

Abstract

With the rapid rise in perovskite solar cells (PSCs) performance, it is imperative to develop scalable fabrication techniques to accelerate potential commercialization. However, the power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) of PSCs fabricated via scalable two-step sequential deposition lag far behind the state-of-the-art spin-coated ones. Herein, the additive methylammonium chloride (MACl) is introduced to modulate the crystallization and orientation of a two-step sequential doctor-bladed perovskite film in ambient conditions. MACl can significantly improve perovskite film quality and increase grain size and crystallinity, thus decreasing trap density and suppressing nonradiative recombination. Meanwhile, MACl also promotes the preferred face-up orientation of the (100) plane of perovskite film, which is more conducive to the transport and collection of carriers, thereby significantly improving the fill factor. As a result, a champion PCE of 23.14% and excellent long-term stability are achieved for PSCs based on the structure of ITO/SnO₂/FA_1-xMA_xPb(I_1-yBr_y)₃/Spiro-OMeTAD/Ag. The superior PCEs of 21.20% and 17.54% are achieved for 1.03 cm² PSC and 10.93 cm² mini-module, respectively. These results represent substantial progress in large-scale two-step sequential deposition of high-performance PSCs for practical applications.

Keywords: Ambient condition; Crystallization regulation; Doctor-blading; Orientation modulation; Perovskite solar cells.