Vascular injury resulting from lower limb amputation leads to the redistribution of blood flow and changes in vascular terminal resistance, which can affect the cardiovascular system. However, there was no clear understanding of how different amputation levels affect the cardiovascular system in animal experiments. Therefore, this study established two animal models of above-knee amputation (AKA) and below-knee amputation (BKA) to explore the effects of different amputation levels on the cardiovascular system through blood and histopathological examinations. The results showed that amputation caused pathological changes in the cardiovascular system of animals, including endothelial injury, inflammation, and angiosclerosis. The degree of cardiovascular injury was higher in the AKA group than in the BKA group. This study sheds light on the internal mechanisms of amputation's impact on the cardiovascular system. Based on the amputation level of patients, the findings recommend more comprehensive and targeted monitoring after surgery and necessary interventions to prevent cardiovascular diseases.
下肢截肢中血管的损伤会导致血流的重新分布和血管末端阻力的变化，对心血管系统造成影响，但不同截肢水平造成的影响有何差异，缺乏动物实验的说明。故本文建立膝上截肢（AKA）和膝下截肢（BKA）两种动物模型，通过血液生化检测及组织病理检测，探究不同截肢水平对心血管系统的影响规律。结果表明，截肢会使动物的心血管系统出现内皮损伤、炎症、血管硬化等病理改变，且膝上截肢对心血管系统造成的损伤程度高于膝下截肢。本研究将有助于深入探究截肢影响心血管系统的内在机制，并根据患者截肢水平的不同，在术后进行更全面和更有针对性的监测，并进行必要的干预以预防心血管疾病的发生。.
Keywords: Amputation levels; Animal model; Biochemical index; Cardiovascular system; Pathological examination.