Development of Respiratory Syncytial Virus Vaccine Candidates for the Elderly

Viruses. 2023 May 31;15(6):1305. doi: 10.3390/v15061305.

Abstract

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a significant threat to elderly populations and repeated infections that occur throughout life are poorly protective. To assess the role of prior RSV infections as well as elderly immune senescence on vaccine efficacy, we compared immune responses after virus-like particle (VLP) immunization of elderly cotton rats and young cotton rats, both previously RSV infected, in order to mimic the human population. We show that immunization of RSV-experienced young or elderly animals resulted in the same levels of anti-pre-F IgG, anti-G IgG, neutralizing antibody titers, and protection from challenge indicating that the delivery of F and G proteins in a VLP is equally effective in activation of protective responses in both elderly and young populations. Our results suggest that F and G protein-containing VLPs induce anti-RSV memory established in prior RSV infections equally well in both young and elderly animals and thus can be an effective vaccine for the elderly.

Keywords: immunity; respiratory syncytial virus; vaccine; virus-like particle.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural

MeSH terms

  • Aged
  • Animals
  • Antibodies, Neutralizing
  • Antibodies, Viral
  • Humans
  • Immunoglobulin G
  • Mice
  • Mice, Inbred BALB C
  • Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infections* / prevention & control
  • Respiratory Syncytial Virus Vaccines*
  • Respiratory Syncytial Virus, Human*
  • Sigmodontinae
  • Viral Fusion Proteins

Substances

  • Respiratory Syncytial Virus Vaccines
  • Antibodies, Viral
  • Antibodies, Neutralizing
  • Viral Fusion Proteins
  • Immunoglobulin G