African Swine Fever Virus Interaction with Host Innate Immune Factors

Ayoola Ebenezer Afe; Zhao-Ji Shen; Xiaorong Guo; Rong Zhou; Kui Li

doi:10.3390/v15061220

African Swine Fever Virus Interaction with Host Innate Immune Factors

Viruses. 2023 May 23;15(6):1220. doi: 10.3390/v15061220.

Authors

Ayoola Ebenezer Afe^{1

2}, Zhao-Ji Shen², Xiaorong Guo³, Rong Zhou², Kui Li¹

Affiliations

¹ Shenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-Omics of MARA, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen 518000, China.
² State Key Laboratory of Animal Biotech Breeding, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China.
³ Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Molecular Design and Precise Breeding, Foshan University, Foshan 528231, China.

Abstract

African swine fever virus (ASFV) adversely affects pig farming owing to its 100% mortality rate. The condition is marked by elevated body temperature, bleeding, and ataxia in domestic pigs, whereas warthogs and ticks remain asymptomatic despite being natural reservoirs for the virus. Breeding ASFV-resistant pigs is a promising solution for eradicating this disease. ASFV employs several mechanisms to deplete the host antiviral response. This review explores the interaction of ASFV proteins with innate host immunity and the various types of machinery encompassed by viral proteins that inhibit and induce different signaling pathways, such as cGAS-STING, NF-κB, Tumor growth factor-beta (TGF-β), ubiquitination, viral inhibition of apoptosis, and resistance to ASFV infection. Prospects for developing a domestic pig that is resistant to ASFV are also discussed.

Keywords: ASF; ASFV; pathogenesis in natural host; protective host immune response; virus virulence.

Publication types

Review
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

African Swine Fever Virus* / physiology
African Swine Fever*
Animals
Immunity, Innate
Immunologic Factors / metabolism
Sus scrofa
Swine

Substances

Immunologic Factors

Grants and funding

This work was supported by the Key Technologies R&D Program of Guangdong Province (2022B0202090001), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (grant number:31972541), the Central Public-interest Scientific Institution Basal Research Fund (grant number: Y2021XK20), the Yunnan Key Research and Development Project (grant number:202103AQ100001), and the Chinese Government Scholarship.