Coumarin 6 staining method to detect microplastics

Abstract

Microplastics have contaminated the ocean in large quantities and are widely distributed throughout the world. Thus, our understanding of the concentration of microplastics in various environments should be increased. However, current methods to detect microplastics require considerable effort and expensive equipment. In this study, we developed a fluorescence staining technique using coumarin 6 and examined its effectiveness. A mixture of acetone and ethanol was used as the solvent, and 10 different types of plastics were able to be stained with coumarin 6. The fluorescence peak for coumarin 6 staining was approximately 500 nm for each plastic type. The optimal immersion time and coumarin 6 concentration for staining were determined to be 60 min and 1 mg L^-1, respectively. Using this technique, we were able to stain all of the microplastics obtained from samples collected in Tokyo Bay seawater.

Keywords: Coumarin; Detection; Fluorescence; Microplastic; Staining.