Role of heparanase in ARDS through autophagy and exosome pathway (review)

Fei Feng; Lin-Jun Wang; Jian-Chun Li; Ting-Ting Chen; Liping Liu

doi:10.3389/fphar.2023.1200782

Role of heparanase in ARDS through autophagy and exosome pathway (review)

Front Pharmacol. 2023 Jun 8:14:1200782. doi: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1200782. eCollection 2023.

Authors

Fei Feng¹, Lin-Jun Wang¹, Jian-Chun Li¹, Ting-Ting Chen¹, Liping Liu^{1

2}

Affiliations

¹ The First Clinical Medical School of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China.
² Departments of Emergency Critical Care Medicine, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China.

Abstract

Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is the most common respiratory disease in ICU. Although there are many treatment and support methods, the mortality rate is still high. The main pathological feature of ARDS is the damage of pulmonary microvascular endothelium and alveolar epithelium caused by inflammatory reaction, which may lead to coagulation system disorder and pulmonary fibrosis. Heparanase (HPA) plays an significant role in inflammation, coagulation, fibrosis. It is reported that HPA degrades a large amount of HS in ARDS, leading to the damage of endothelial glycocalyx and inflammatory factors are released in large quantities. HPA can aggrandize the release of exosomes through syndecan-syntenin-Alix pathway, leading to a series of pathological reactions; at the same time, HPA can cause abnormal expression of autophagy. Therefore, we speculate that HPA promotes the occurrence and development of ARDS through exosomes and autophagy, which leads to a large amount of release of inflammatory factors, coagulation disorder and pulmonary fibrosis. This article mainly describes the mechanism of HPA on ARDS.

Keywords: ARDS; autophagy; coagulation; exosome; fibrosis; heparinase; inflammation.

Publication types

Review

Grants and funding

The present study was funded by the Science and Technology Department of Gansu Province (grant no. 20JR5RA35); Talent Innovation and Entrepreneurship Project of Science and Technology Bureau of Chengguan District, Lanzhou, (grant no. 2020RCCX0030); Lanzhou Science and Technology Development Guiding Plan Project (grant no. 2019-ZD-37); Fund of The First Hospital of Lanzhou University (grant no. Ldyyyn 2018-48); Fund of Donggang Branch, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University (grant no. ldyydgyn-201705); and The Open Topics of the Key Laboratory of Biological Treatment and Regenerative Medicine in Gansu Province (grant no. zdsyskfkt-201702).